| A | B |
|---|
| Eubacteria | a classification kingdom containing mostly free-living bacteria found in many varied environments |
| Fungi | a kingdom of complex organisms that obtain food by breaking down other substances in their surroundings and absorbing the nutrients |
| Plantae | the kingdom that contains complex, multicellular organisms that are usually green and use the sun's energy to make sugar by photosynthesis |
| Animalia | the classification kingdom containing complex, multicellular organisms that lack cell walls, are usually able to move around, and possess nervous systems that help them be aware of and react to their surroundings |
| kingdom | the broadest, most general level of classification |
| phylum | the level of classification after kingdom; consists of several related classes |
| class | the level of classification after phylum; consists of several related orders |
| order | the level of classification after class; consists of several related families |
| Archaebacteria | a classification kingdom containing bacteria that thrive in extreme environments |
| family | the level of classification after order; consists of several related genera |
| genus | the level of classification after family; consists of several related species |
| species | the level of classification after genus |
| taxonomy | the science of identifying, classifying, and naming living things |
| classification | the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on similarities and presumed evolutionary relationships |
| binomial nomenclature | using two words to name an organism |
| Aristotle | a Greek philosopher who classified animals based on body parts, life histories, activities, and character |
| Linnaeus | developed the classification system that is the basis for the modern system |
| taxonomist | a scientist who identifies, classifies, and names living things |
| Protista | a classification kingdom containing mostly single-celled organisms; members of this kingdom have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; some can and some cannot make their own food |
| classification | arrangement of organisms into groups based on similarities |
| kingdom | the largest and most general group |
| phylum | a group of related classes |
| class | a group of related orders |
| order | a group of related families |
| family | a group of related genera |
| genus | a group of related species |
| species | the most specific of the seven levels of classification; characterized by a group of organisms that can mate with one another to produce fertile offspring |
| taxonomy | the scientific study of how living things are classified |
| binomial nomenclature | a classification system where each organism is given a two-part name |
| taxonomic key | a series of paired statements used to identify organisms based on physical characteristics |
| Aristotle | developed first classification system; three groups; fly, swim, or walk |
| Linnaeus | developed the classification system that uses two-part names |
| field guide | a book of facts and physical characteristics of living things used for identification |
| autotroph | an organism that makes its own food |
| heterotroph | an organism that cannot make its own food |
| prokaryote | organisms whose cells lack a nucleus |
| eukaryote | an organism whose cells contain nuclei |
| unicellular | made up of only one cell |
| multicellular | made up of more than one cell |
| Archaebacteria | prokaryotes; either autotrophic or heterotrophic; unicellular; unique chemical make-up |
| Eubacteria | prokaryotes; autotrophic or heterotrophic; unicellular; different chemical make-up from archaebacteria |
| Protists | eukaryotes; autotrophic or heterotrophic; unicellular or multicellular; members vary greatly |
| Fungi | eukaryotes; heterotrophic; unicellular or multicellular; most feed on dead or decaying organisms |
| Plants | eukaryotes; autotrophic; multicellular; feed almost all of the heterotrophs on Earth |
| Animals | eukaryotes; heterotrophic; multicellular; have different adaptations that allow them to locate, capture, eat, and digest food |
