| A | B |
|---|
| shifting agriculture | agriculture in which a site is prepared and used to grow crops for a year or two, at which point the farmer moves on to a new site |
| forage | food for grazing animals |
| deforestation | stripping the land of trees |
| desertification | the loss of all vegetation either naturally or through human intervention |
| refugee | a person who flees his or her country to escape danger or unfair treatment |
| landlocked | cut off from the sea |
| inland delta | an area of lakes, creeks, and swamps away from the ocean |
| coup | the sudden overthrow of a ruler or government |
| ancestor worship | the belief that honoring one's ancestors will cause them to live on in the spirit world after death |
| animism | the belief that such things as the sky, rivers, and trees contain gods or spirits |
| World Bank | U.N. agency that gives loans to countries for development projects |
| International Monetary Fund | U.N. agency that gives loans to countries for development projects |
| structural adjustment program | a set of guidelines that is designed to make a country's economy work better |
| watershed | a dividing ridge between two river basins |
| mercenary | hired soldier |
| barter | the exchange of goods without money |
| harambee | Swahili word that means "pulling together" |
| pyrethrum | a pesticide |
| malnutrition | disease caused by not having a healthy diet |
| strategic value | the value of a location to nations planning military actions |
| ethnocracy | government in which one ethnic group rules another |
| villagization | a political movement by which rural people are forced to move to towns and work on collective farms |
| apartheid | the former policy of strict racial segregation and discrimination against non-whites in South Africa |
| segregation | the act of imposing social separation of races |
| sanction | an action taken by the international community to punish a country for unacceptable behaviors of which it does not approve |
| enclave | a country completely surrounded by another country |
| white flight | the departure or trained white administrators and technicians |
| land redistribution | a policy in which land is taken away from those who have plenty and given to those who have little |
