| A | B |
|---|
| mixture | matter that consists of two or more substances mixed but not chemically combined |
| heterogeneous mixture | substance that does not appear to be the same throughout "least mixed" |
| homogeneous mixture | mixture that appears the same thoughout "well mixed" |
| solution | homogeneous mixture in which one substance is dissoved in another |
| solute | substance that is dissolved in a solution |
| solvent | substance that does the dissolving |
| soluble | can be dissolved in water |
| insoluble | unable to be dissolved in water |
| solubility | the amount of a solute that can be completely dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature |
| alloy | a solution of two metals or a metal and a nonmetal that has the properties of a metal |
| pure substance | substance made of one kind of material having definite properties |
| element | simplest type of pure substance; made up of atoms |
| atom | the basic building block of matter; the smallest particle of an element |
| chemical symbol | shorthand way of representing an element |
| compound | substance made up of molecules that contain more than one kind of atom; two or more elements chemically combined |
| molecule | structure made up of two or more atoms |
| chemical formula | combination of chemical symbols usually used to represent a compound |
| subscript | number placed to the lower right of a chemical symbol to indicate the number of atoms of the element in the compound |
| chemical equation | expression in which symbols, formulas, and numbers are used to represent a chemical reaction |
| coefficient | number that is placed in front of a symbol or formula in a chemical equation that indicates how many atoms or molecules there are |
| proton | subatomic particle that has a positive charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom |
| neutron | subatomic particle with no electric charge that is found in the nucleus of an atom |
| electron | negatively charged subatomic particle found in an area outside the nucleus of an atom |
| nucleus | the "core" of the atom, the center in which 99.9 percent of the mass of the atom is located |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus |
| mass number | the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus |
| atomic mass | the average mass of all the isotopes of that element as they occur in nature |
| group/family in the periodic table | vertical columns of elements |
| periods in the periodic table | horizontal rows of elements |
| the four classes of matter | mixtures, solutions, compounds, elements |
| symbol for oxygen | O |
| symbol for carbon | C |
| symbol for nitrogen | N |
| symbol for hydrogen | H |
| symbol for helium | He |
| symbol for aluminum | Al |
| symbol for chlorine | Cl |
| symbol for calcium | Ca |
| symbol for copper | Cu |
| symbol for gold | Au |
