| A | B |
|---|
| history | written and unwritten recordsof the past |
| why study history? | learn about ppl, places, and things of past. learn from what happened in past. |
| problems with his? | all hist is bias, too many or too few facts |
| when did columbus adn crew set sail? | august 3, 1492 |
| where did columbus set said from? | palos, spain |
| columbus's crew? | 80-90 sailors and shiphands |
| columbus's ships? | nina, pinta, santa maria |
| how did columbus sail? | south first, then west because of winds |
| when did men start getting scared and threaten columbus? | october 3 |
| when did columbus and crew see the first signs that land was near? | october 8--saw birds |
| when did they first see land? | october12--tiera! tiera! |
| what did columbus name where he landed? | san salvador |
| where else could he have landed? | samana cay, waiting island |
| where did america get its name? | amerigo vespucci |
| what was columbus's goal? | to find a shorter, water route to indies (china) |
| olmecs? | native american ppl whose civilization flourished in what is now southern mexico in the period 1200-400 bc |
| aztecs? | nav. amer. ppl that settled in the valey of mexico. developed powerful empire. |
| mayas? | nav. amer. ppl who flourished in guatemala and Yucatan Penn. 250-900 AD |
| incas? | nav. amer. ppl, created empire reaching 2500 miles long along west coast of s. africa, settled in peru 1400-1550 |
| montezuma? | aztec emp. gave span explorers good gold supply |
| prince henry? | "the navigator" led portugal, led sailing school |
| joint-stock company? | business of which investors pool their wealth for common purpose |
| taino? | nav amer. ppl of carribean islands--first group encountered by columbus |
| columbian exchange? | transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between west adn east hemispheres |
| caravel? | ship used by early portugese and spanish explorers--many advantages over vessels |
| what caused european exploration? | journey of marco polo to china pused euros to take interest in overseas expansion adn exploration. re-introduced precious stones, pearls, silks, and objects of gold and silver. |
| why did isabella agree to finance columbus? | gold and more land (overseas trade) |
| how did voyages of col. impact the indians? | brought diseases that killed many indians |
| what was columbus's unfufilled goal? | he did reach china, died thinking he failed |
| who were the native americans? | the asians |
| why were they not really "native"? | bc native means born there, first ppl here were not born here |
| how did the native americans get here? | bering straight |
| who was in existence just before columbus got here? | incas, aztecs, mayas, olmecs |
| who were the second group of ppl to come here? | the europeans |
| what were the crusades? why important? | holy wars; christians fought muslims who had taken over holy land |
| how did christianity affect the europeans? | pl lost faith in churches after crusades, looked to kings and queens |
| what percent of the findings did kings and queens get? | 80% |
| what was the renassaince? why important? | rebirth: brought astrolade, longitude, lattitude, new developments--wiped away fear |
| what affect did commerce have on the europeans? | lots of money! lots of trading, JOINT STOCK COMP |
| why was west africa important? | portuguese came, gold first, then ppl. they explored coast adn found gold. found SUGAR for RUM--lots of $ |
| when did portuguese come? | 1480's |
| when did sugar cane plantations become important? why? | 1619, bc could sell rum for slaves |
| who were immigrants? | ppl who leave birthland adn move permanately to another country. |
| why would ppl immigrate? | for freedom opprotunities, improved standard of living, more jobs, adventure, gold, more land |
| who was first to explore new world? | spain and portugal |
| did spain and port. like eachother? | no, rivals |
| why were spain and port. rivals? | there was much dispute as to who would get what portion of the new world. |
| what settled dipute of sp and port? | treaty of tordesillas |
| when did treat of tord occur? | 1494 |
| what was treaty of tord? | issued by the pope that portugal got all land east of line of demarkation, spain all land to west |
| what were some causes of exploration of the americas? | traders want new and better trade routes, explorers search for adventure, glory, and riches, spanish want to spread christianity |
| what were the effects of exploration of americas? | european settlements are founded, trade and merchantilisnm grows, european nations compete for colonies |
| what happened in 1588? | defeat of the spanish armada |
| what was the effect of spanish armada? | britian became queen of seas and want to settle lands |
| how many attempts did britain make to settle? | 3 |
