| A | B |
|---|
bed epithelium, 
| thin layer of tissue between nail plate and nail bed |
| blue nails,
| condition caused by poor blood circulation, a heart disorder, or topical and oral medications |
| bruised nails,
| condition in which a blood clot forms under the nail plate, forming a dark purplish spot, usually due to injury |
| corrugations,
| wavy ridges; caused by uneven growth of the nails, usually the result of illness or injury |
| cuticle,
| crescent of toughened skin around the base of the fingernails and toenails |
eggshell nails,  | nails with a noticeably thin, white nail plates that are more flexible than normal |
| eponychium,
| extension of the cuticle at the base of the nail body that partly overlaps the lunula |
| free edge | part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe |
furrows,  ,
| depressions in the nails can run either lengthwise or across the nail |
hangnail or agnail,  ,
| condition in which the cuticle splits around the nail |
| hyponychium,
| thickened stratum corneum of the epidermis that lies underneath the free edge of the nail |
leukonychia,  ,
| whitish discoloration of the nails, usually caused by injury to the base of the nail; white spots |
| ligament,
| a tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or holds an organ in place |
| lunula or half moon,
| whitish, half-moon shape at the base of the nail plate, caused by the reflection of light where the matrix, bed and connective tissue of the nail bed join |
| mantle,
| deep fold of skin in which the matrix bed (nail root) is lodged |
| matrix bed or nail root,
| where the nail is formed; composed of matrix cells that produce the nail plate |
melanonychia,  ,
| darkening of the fingernails or toenails; may be seen as a black band under or within the nail plate, extending from the base to the free edge |
| nail | horny protective plate located at the end of the finger or toe |
| nail bed | portion of the skin on which the nail plate rests |
| nail disorder | condition caused by injury to the nail or some disease or imbalance in the body |
| nail folds | folds of normal skin that surround the nail plate |
| nail grooves | slits or furrows on the sides of the nail on which the nail moves as it grows |
| nail plate or nail body | horny plate resting on and attached to the nail bed |
onychatrophia,  ,
| atrophy or wasting away of the nail |
onychauxis or hypertrophy,  ,
| an overgrowth of the nail, usually in thickness rather than length |
| onychia,
| inflammation of the matrix of the nail with formation of pus and shedding of the nail |
onychocryptosis,  ,
| ingrown nails; nail grows into the sides of the tissue around the nail |
onchryposis or onychogryphosis,  ,
| the thickening and increased curvature of the nail; also called "ram's horn nail"; usually the result of injury to the matrix |
onycholysis,  ,
| the loosening of the nail without shedding, usually beginning at the free edge and continuing to the lunula |
| onychomadesis,
| the separation and falling off of a nail from the nail bed; can occur on fingernails and toenails |
onychophagy,  ,
| bitten nails; the result of an acquired nervous habit that prompts the individual to chew the nail or the hardened cuticle |
| onychophosis,
| growth of horny epithelium in the nail bed |
| onychoptosis,
| periodic shedding of one or more nails, in whole or in part |
onychorrhexis,  ,
| abnormal brittleness with striation (lines) of the nail plate |
| onychosis,
| technical term applied to any deformity or disease of the nails |
| onyx,
| nail of the fingers or toes |
paronychia,  ,
| bacterial inflammation of the tissues surrounding the nail; pus is usually present, also a gradual thickening and brownish discoloration of the nail plate |
plicatured nail,  ,
| "folded nail" ; disorder in which the surface of the nail is generally flat while one or both of the edges of the plate are folded at a 90-degree (or more) angle down into the soft-tissue nail margins |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa,  ,
| naturally occurring bacteria that can cause nail infection when nail services are performed in unsanitary conditions |
pterygium,  ,
| forward growth of the eponychium (cuticle), with adherence to the surface of the nail |
pyogenic granuloma,  ,
| severe inflammation of the nail in which a lump of red tissue grows up from the nail bed to the nail plate |
tile-shaped nails,  | increased crosswise curvature throughout the nail plate caused by an increased curvature of the matrix bed itself |
tinea or ringworm,  ,
| highly contagious skin disease caused by a vegetable parasite, or fungus; characterized by itching, scales, an sometimes painful circular lesions |
| tinea pedis,
| medical term for athlete's foot or ringworm of the foot |
| tinea unguium or onychomycosis,
| ringworm of the nails that invades from the free edge and spreads toward the root |
trumpet or pincer nail,  | disorder in which the edges of the nail plate curl around to form the shape of a trumpet or cone at the free edge |
