| A | B |
|---|
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Physical Properties | properties that can be determined without changing the substance into a new substance |
| Physical Change | physical properties are altered, but the substance remains the same |
| Mass | the amount of matter in an object |
| Volume | the amount of space an object takes up |
| Density | The amount of matter in a given amount of a substance |
| Solid | Has a definite shape and volume, tightly packed together, vibrate in place |
| Liquid | has a definite volume,but not shape, flip flop over and around each other |
| Gas | does not have a definite shape or volume, move about rapidly, fills all available space |
| Atom | the basic building blocks of matter |
| proton | Subatomic particle with a positive charge, located inside of the nucleus |
| neutron | subatomic particle that has no charge, located inside of the nucleus |
| nucleus | the center of the atom |
| electron | subatomic particle that is located outside of the nucleus with a negative charge |
| electron cloud | area outside of the nucleus where electrons are most likely found |
| energy levels | within the electron cloud, electrons are arranged in energy levels, 2,8,8 |
| Atomic Number | number of protons in the nucleus |
| Atomic Mass | The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus |
| Atomic Symbol | "Shorthand" or "Nickname" for the Element's name. Some are based on the Latin or Greek origin of the Element's name |
| Metal | elements on the periodic chart that give up their electrons to form compounds, shiny,good conductor, bends easily |
| nonmetal | elements that gain electrons to form compounds, dull,poor conductors, and brittle |
| metalloids | elements that have characteristics of both metals and nonmetals |
| Noble Gases | do not combine with other elements because they have a full outer energy level |
| Transition Metals | have characteristics of both metals and nonmetals "B" group elements |
| Plasma | Phase of matter not found naturally on Earth, found in stars |
| Colloid | One form of matter is "Suspended" in another form of matter |
| Molecules | The smallest part of a substance that still has the same properties of that substance |
| Isotopes | Atoms that have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons |
| Periodic Chart | Arrangement of all known elements according to their Atomic Number |
| "Families' | elements grouped according to the number of electrons in their outer energy level |
| Mendeleev | Russian chemist who was the first to arrange earth elements according to their Atomic number |
| Ion | an atom with a charge, either positive or negative |
| element | a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means |
| Compound | Any combination of two or more different atoms |
| Mixture | Two or more substances physically combined |
| Chemical Change | Change in a substance that produces a new substance with new and different properties |
| Chemical Property | Property of matter that describes how a substance changes into a new substance |
| Valence Electrons | the number of electrons that are located in the outer most energy level. |
| Lewis Dot Structure | Includes the symbol for the element surrounded by dots. Each dot stands for one valence electron |
| Covalent Bond | bonds that form by sharing of valence electrons |
| Ionic Bond | bonds that form by giving up or receiving valence electrons |
