| A | B |
|---|
| Two main social classes of Rome | patricians, plebeians |
| Leader given temporary absolute power during a crises or emergency | (dictator) tyrant |
| Reasons why the First Punic War was fought | competition for trade, wanted to limit rival's power |
| Results of the Third Punic War | Carthage became part of the province of North Africa, Rome destroyed Carthage, Rome expanded throughout Mediterranean |
| Duties of the consuls | Ran day to day affairs of government, commanded army, carried out laws of Rome |
| Reasons Punic Wars important | Gave Rome control of Western Mediterranean, Rome exerted influence over Eastern Mediterranean, Expanded Roman wealth and trade |
| More reasons Punic Wars important | Showed weaknesses in Rome's government, Roman culture spread throughout Mediterranean |
| Center of Roman government and religion | Forum |
| Why Roman mythological symbols important | Used in western literature, art, architecture, and politics |
| What made Rome strong militarily | strong army |
| Were Roman citizens | patricians, plebeians, conquered people who accepted Roman laws and language |
| Were slaves in Rome | Conquered people or Prisoners of war |
| Rights and responsibilites of Roman citizens | pay taxes, vote, serve in military |
| type of government in Rome | representative democracy |
| Commanded Carthaginian forces who invaded Italy in 2nd Punic War | Hannibal Barca |
| Won all the Punic Wars | Rome |
| Advantages of Rome's geographic location | central location in Mediterranean, protected by Alps, seas provided avenues for trade and commerce |
| Results of Second Punic War | Rome gained Sardinia, Corsica, Southern Spain, huge indemnity from Carthage, Carthage lost its warships and could not declare war without first asking Rome |
| Social class which included common citizens. Were majority of population | Plebeians |
| Romanizing Italian people created this | loyal allies |
| Payment for damages or losses in a war | indemnity |
| Territory outside a homeland that is governed by the homeland | province |
| Killed his brother, but founded Rome | Romulus |
| Who founded Carthage? | Phoenicians |
| Assemblies of Rome | Assembly of Tribes, Assembly of Centuries |
| Citizens of Rome | Plebeians, patricians, Romanized Italians |
| What Etruscans taught Romans to do? | New way to build homes, drain marshes, rituals to foretell future, create a forum |
| What happened in 509 BC? | Republic began |
| Roman goddess of love and beauty | Venus |
| Roman king of gods | Jupiter |
| Goddess of marriage and childbirth | Juno |
| What forbids actions of government? | veto |
| Representatives of plebeians who had power to veto | tribunes |
| They influenced culture and beliefs of Romans | Greeks |
| Social class of wealthy aristocrats, Minority of population | patricians |
| Bronze tablets engraved with laws of Rome | Twelve Tables (Tablets) |
| Duties held by the Senate | Advise consuls, debate foreign policy, propose laws |
| Most powerful group in Roman government | senate |
| Commanded Roman forces at the battle of Zama | Scipio |
| River Rome is on | Tiber |
| Occupation of most Romans | farmer |
| Why Roman government not a true democracy | Wealthy citizens dominated government |
| Roman mythology explained this | natural phenomena, life events, human qualities |
| Roman Religion during Republic | polytheistic |
| Basic unit of army | legion |
| Roman goddess of moon and hunt | Diana |
| Roman god of war | Mars |
| Roman goddess of wisdom | Minerva |
| Roman god of sun | Apollo |
| Greek name for Diana | Artemis |
| Greek name for Mars | Ares |
| Greek name for Minerva | Athena |
| Greek name for Apollo | Apollo |
| Roman god of sky | Jupiter |
| Greek god of sky | Zeus |
| republic--WD | A government in which citizens elect their leaders |
| Members of the First Triumvirate | Crassus, Pompey, Caesar |
| What occured during the Ides of March | assassination of Julius Caesar |
| During the Pax Romana Rome did this | solidified and expanded the empire |
| First emperor of Pax Romana | Augustus Caesar |
| What is uniform rule of law? | the entire empire had the same laws |
| Social impact of Pax Romana | stability in social classes, emphasis on family |
| Economic impacts of Pax Romana | uniform system of money, safe travel and trade, prosperity and stability |
| What is the Appian Way? | main road between Rome and Southern Italy |
| Political impacts of Pax Romana | civil service, uniform rule of law |
| Pax Romana | 200 years of peace and prosperity under imperial rule |
| Aqueducts | plumbing system designed to bring water into Rome |
| Principle of law from 12 Tables adopted by US | innocent until proven guilty |
| Colosseum | main arena for public entertainment and gladiator games in Rome |
| Pantheon | Roman building dedicated to all Roman gods |
| Pompey | appointed consul, or dictator |
| Civil war between these two members of the First Triumvirate | Caesar and Pompey |
| What happened between the First Triumvirate and the Second Triumvirate? | civil war |
| Romanization--WD | the policy of romanizing conquered people |
