| A | B |
|---|
| Associative Property | The way addends or factors are grouped does not change the sum or product. EX: (2+3)+4 = 2+(3+4) and (2x3)x4 = 2x(3x4) |
| Base (in numeration) | The number that is multiplied by itself when raised to a power. EX: In 5 to the 3rd power, 5 is the base. |
| Commutative Property | The order of the addends or factors does not change the sum or product. EX: 9+7 = 7+9 and 3x6 = 6x3 |
| Common Denominator | A common multiple of two or more denominators. EX: 24 is a common denominator of 1/6 and 1/8 |
| Common Factor | A number that is a factor of two or more given numbers. EX: 1,2,and 4 are common factors of 4 and 8. |
| Common Multiple | A number that is a multiple of two or more given numbers. EX: 6, 12, and 18 are common multiples of 2 and 3. |
| Composite Number | A whole number greater than one that has more than two factors. EX: 20 is a composite number with 6 factors. 1,2,4,5,10,20 |
| Compatible Numbers | Numbers that are easy to compute mentally. EX: 5+15=20 |
| Decimal | A number with one or more digits to the right of a decimal point. EX: 0.7, 1.8, 2.06, 0.175 |
| Decimal Point | The dot used to separate dollars from cents and ones from tenths. |
| Denominator | The number below the fraction bar in a fraction. EX: 2/5 The denominator is 5. |
| Digit | Any of the symbols used to write numbers: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,and9. |
| Distributive Property | Multiplying a sum by a number produces the same results as multiplying each addend by the number and adding the products. EX: 2x(3+4)= (2x3)+(2x4) |
| Dividend | The number to be divided. EX: 36 divided by 6, the dividend is 36. |
| Divisible | A number is dividible by another number if the remainder is 0 after dividing. |
| Division | An operation on two numbers that results in a quotient. |
| Divisor | The number used to divide another number. EX: 36 divided by 9, the divisor is 9. |
| Equation | A number sentence with an = sign. |
| Equivalent Fraction | Fractions that name the same number. 2/3 and 4/6 are equivalent fractions. |
| Expanded Form | A number written as the sum of the values of its digits. EX: 500+50+5 is the expanded form for 555. |
| Exponent | A number that tells how many times the base is used as a factor. EX: 10 to the 3rd power = 10x10x10. The exponent is 3 and the base is 10. |
| Estimate | To give an approximate rather than an exact answer. |
| Expression | A mathematical phrase made up of a combination of variables and/or numbers and operations. Expressions with variables are also called algebraic expressions. EX: 5n, 4x-7, (5x2)-6/3 |
| Factors | The numbers that are multiplied to give a product. EX: 3x5=15 The factors are 3 and 5. |
| Factor Tree | A diagram used to show the prime factors of a number. |
| Fraction | A number that names the part of a whole or part of a set. EX: 1/2, 2/3, 6/6 |
| GCF (Greatest Common Factor) | The greatest number that is a factor of each of two or more numbers. EX: the GCF of 36 and 48 is 12. |
| Identity Property of Multiplication | The product of any number and 1 is that number. EX: 5x1=5 |
| Identity Property of Addition | The sum of any number and 0 is that number. EX: 5+0=5 |
| Improper Fraction | A fraction in which the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator. EX: 4/3, 6/6 |
| LCM (Least Common Multiple) | The least common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions. EX: 6 is the least common multiple of 2 and 3. |
| Like Fractions | Fractions that have the same denominator. EX: 3/4 and 1/4 are like fractions. |
| Mixed Number | A number written as a whole number and a fraction. EX: 2 5/6 |
| Multiple | The product of a given number and another whole number. EX: 2,4,6...are multiples of 2. |
| Order of Operations | The order in which operations are done in calculations. Work inside theparentheses is done first. Then multiplication and division from left to right, and finally addition and subtraction from left to right. |
| Numerator | The number above the fraction bar in a fraction. EX: 3/4 The numerator is 3. |
| Prime Numbers | Factors of a number that are prime. 2 and 3 are prime factors of 12. |
| Prime Factorization | Writing a number as the product of its prime factors. EX: 24=2x2x2x3 |
| Pictograph | A graph that represents numerical data using pictures. |
| Product | The answer in multiplication. EX: 2x3=6 6 is the product. |
| Property of Zero | The product of any number and 0 is 0. |
| Proper Fraction | A fraction in which the numerator is less than the denominator. EX: 3/4, 5/8 |
| Quotient | The answer in division. |
| Short Word Form | A number written using othe numerals and words. EX: 2 thousand, 1 hundred, 36. |
| Simplest Form | A fraction is in simplest form when the greatest common factor of the numerator and denominator is 1. Also, lowest terms. |
| Standard Form | A number written with commas separating groups of three digits. EX:13,823,407,000 |
| Sum | The answer in addition. EX: 3+4=7 7 is the |
| Tenth | On of ten equal parts of a whole. 0.1, 1/10 |
| Thousandth | One of one thousand equal parts of a whole. EX: 0.001, 1/1,000 |
| Unlike Fraction | Fractions that have different denominators are unlike fractions. EX:1/2 and 2/3 are unlike fractions. |
| Variable | A letter used to stand for a number in an expression or equation. EX: 8 x a = 64 a is the variable |
| Zero Property of Multiplication | The product of any number and 0 is 0. EX: 3x0=0 |
