| A | B |
|---|
| philosophe | French for "philosopher;" opposed superstition and relgion in favor of freedom and reason |
| salon | gatherings in homes of patrons which promoted intellectual and social activities |
| enlightened despot | rulers who wanted to govern by principles of the Enlightenment |
| classicism | ideals of Rome and Greece for which the intellectuals of the Enlightenment strove |
| metaphysics | branch of philosophy that deals wtih spirituality and the existence of God |
| romanticism | rebellion against classicism; celebrated the individual and emotion |
| Madame de Pompadour | ran the most popular salon; mistress to Louis XV |
| Denis Diderot | organized and edited the first major French encyclopedia |
| Baron de Montesquieu | believed in checks and balances based on misinterpreted view of the English system |
| Voltaire | satirical French author who was a Deist and a defender of free speech |
| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | urged people to throw off civilization and return to nature |
| Immanual Kant | did not support metaphysics; believed in separate physical and spiritual worlds |
| John Wesley | stressed personal religious experience; led Methodist movement |
