| A | B |
|---|
| expression | encompasses words, phrases, sentences, and pronunciation, including intonation and stress |
| meaning | refers to the senses and referents of these elements of expression |
| context | referts to the social situation in which expression is uttered and includes whatever has been said earlier in that situation |
| content | refers to the intended message of an expression uttered in a particular context |
| signs | indicators of something else |
| representational signs | signs that are basically arbitrary but partly iconic |
| grammatical competence | mental capacity that enables speakers to form grammatical sentences |
| communicative competence | capacity that enables us to use language appropriately |
| standard variety | used by people in public discourse |
| modes | three basic modes: speaking, writing and signing |
