| A | B |
|---|
| settlement houses | places city dwellers could go for classes, childcare, and social services |
| skyscrapers | built in cities as land prices increased and available space decreased |
| steerage | the cheapest passage on a boat |
| tenements | low rent apartments that often were not well maintained |
| laissez-faire | government stays out of business affairs; no regulation |
| naturalism | circumstances beyond people's control influenced them; government regulation needed |
| philanthropy | providing money to support humanitarian or social goals |
| realism | accurately portray people in art and literature |
| social gospel | one achieves salvation through social reform |
| industrialization | leaving farms to work in the cities |
| Americanization | immigrant children assimilate into the American culture; took place at schools |
| graft | the use of one's job to gain illegal profit |
| cable cars | mass transit system in San Francisco |
| political machine | people are helped with jobs and housing in return for votes on election day |
| Mark Twain | writer who coined the term "Gilded Age" |
| Andrew Carnegie | believed every American should have access to a library |
| Booker T. Washington | Founder of the Tuskegee Institutie; education is the road to equality |
| Horatio Alger | wrote "Rags to Riches" stories |
| William M. Tweed | Corrupt political boss in New York City |
| Angel Island | Screening center for Asian immigrants |
| Ellis Island | Screening center for European immigrants |
| trachoma | eye disease checked for with button hook |
| Jane Addams | Founder of Hull House |
| Chicago | City that experienced a terrible fire |
| Dayton | City that experienced a terrible flood |
| Nativism | feeling of hostility toward foreigners |
| Social Darwinism | belief in "survival of the fittest" in business and society |
| saloons | served as community centers in large cities |
| Pendleton Civil Service Act | Required tests to determine hiring for government jobs |
| Temperance Movement | campaign to eliminate alcohol consumption |
| Prohibition | ban on the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages |
| Louis Sullivan | skyscraper designer |
| Ragtime | jazzy piano music popular in the early 1900's |
| Vaudeville | fast paced variety shows |
| Coney Island | famous amusement park |
| Football | sport limited to middle class since it was largely played in colleges |
| Jacob Riis | blamed poverty on saloons |
| YMCA | organized Bible studies, prayer meeting, citizenship training, etc. for the urban poor |
| Morrill Land Grant Act | gave land grants to states to establish agricultural and mechanical colleges |
| Gilded Age | Shiny on the outside; corrupt on the inside |
