| A | B |
|---|
| divides the nasal cavities into halves | septum |
| functions of the nasal cavity mucosa | warm, filter, moisten air |
| re-enforce the trachea & prevent it from collapsing | cartilage rings |
| voice box | larynx |
| elastic fibrous tissue that vibrates with exhaled air and allow speech | vocal cords |
| smallest respiratory passageways | alveolar ducts |
| closes off the larynx during swallowing | epiglottis |
| numerous to increase the amount of gass exchange | alveoli |
| pleural layer covering the thorax walls | parietal pleura |
| pleural layer covering the lungs | visceral pleura |
| fleshy lobes in the nasal cavity which increase its surface area | conchae |
| period of breathing when air enters the lungs | inspiration |
| Lines most of the air distribution tubes | respiratory mucosa |
| period of breathing when air exits the lungs | expiration |
| alternate flushing of air into and out of the lungs | pulmonary ventilation |
| painful or labored breathing | dyspnea |
| Alveoli | Air sacs in which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lung |
| Larynx | Contains the vocal cords and the epiglottis |
| Pharynx | Also called the throat |
| Trachea | Connects the larynx to the lung; also called the windpipe |
| lower respiratory tract | trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli |
| pharynx | passageway for air and food |
| glottis | space between the vocal cords, opens into trachea |
| primary bronchi | The first branch off the trachea in the lung |
| tidal volume | amount of air exchanged during a normal breath |
| inspiratory reserve volume | amount of air that can be forcibly inspired after normal breath |
| expiratory reserve volume | amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after normal breath |
| vital capacity | maximum amount of air that can be inhaled or exhaled |
| residual volume | amount of air remaining in lungs after forceful expiration |
| total lung capacity | total amount of air that lungs can hold |
| respiratory membrane | Separates the air in the alveoli from the blood in the capillaries of the lung |
| surfactant | Reduces the surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli |
| bronchioles | Small air tube that has no cartilage in its walls, only smooth muscle |
| pleura | The serous membrane covering the lung and the inner chest wall |
| mucous blanket | traps dust, pollen and other contaminants |
| chemoreceptors | sensitive to carbon dioxide and oxygen levels, and acidity of the blood |
