| A | B |
|---|
| City-State | Political unit made up of a city and its surrounding lands that governed Ancient Greece |
| Bubonic Plague | AKA the Black Death, the disease that killed 1/3 of Europe during the Middle Ages |
| Parliment | A representatice lawmaking body whose mumebers are elected or appointed, used 1st in Great Britain |
| Anti-Sematism | Discrimination against Jewish people |
| Northern European Plain | The plain that stretches across France, the Benelux countries, Germany, Poland And Russia |
| Ural Mountains | The mountains in Russia that dicides the continents of Europe and Asia |
| Chernobyl | Site of the world's worst nuclear accident in the former republic of the Soviet Union, Ukraine |
| Nile, Niger, Congo | The three major river systems of Africa, which includes the world's longes |
| Republic | A government in which citizens elects its representatices-the government of Rome was an example of this |
| Reformation | Time period in which the Roman Catholic Church splits into Catholics and Protestants |
| Silicon Glen | The region in Scotland between Glasgow and Edinburgh that is known for producing electronics |
| Ethnic Cleansig | Eliminating an ethinic group through violence |
| Chernozem | The rich black soil that is found in the plains of Russia that is good for agriculture |
| Czar | The name given to the Kings of Russia, taken from the Roman war Caesar |
| Great Game | Term given to describe the competition between Russia and Western Europe to colonize the lands of centra Asia |
| Sahara | The world's largest desert that stretches across North Africa means desert in Arabic |
| Crusades | Time period when Christian Europeans tried to regain the Holy Lands form the Muslims |
| Benelux | Nickname for the region composed of Belgium, the Netherlands and Lexembourg |
| Euro | The currency used by the members of the European Union |
| Smog | Combination of fog and the smoke fromt he burning of fossil fuels |
| Transcaucasia | The region of the Caucasus Mountains that is the border between Europe and Asia |
| Lenin | Leader of the Bolsheviks who led the Russian Revolution and who brought comunism to the country |
| Yurts | The light, portable tents used by the nomads of central Asia |
| Sahel | The narrow band of dry grassland that runds east to west along the southern edge of the Sahara-means "shore of desert" in Arabic |
| Renaissance | Time of renewed interest in learning in Europe, or a rebirth of civilization |
| Nationalism | Belief that people should be loyal to their nation |
| Balkanization | Process of a region breaking up into small, mutually hostile units-this happened to the former Yugoslavia |
| Ozone | Form of oxygen that is found in the atmosphere that protects us form harmful UV rays |
| Siberia | The region of Russia that is in Asia, barren lightly populated and is rich in natural resources |
| Stalin | The director who ruled the Soviet Union after Lenin's dath, was very harsh ruler |
| Nomadic | Term meaning that a group of peple moves form one place to another following ther herds without a permanent home |
| Savannah | Term for the grassland that stretch teh desert in Africa |
| Aqueducts | Structure built to carry water large distances from its source to the place it is needed |
| Normadic Countries | Nickname for the region composed of Norway, Sweden, Finland, Iceland and Denmark |
| Satellite Nations | Nations dominated by other countries-what the Soviet Union made of teh countries of Eastern Europe |
| Alps | Mountains of Switzerland that are the source of the majority of Europe's major rivers |
| Steppe | The name used to describe the grasslands fo Russia and the Ukraine |
| russian Revolution | Time what the Bolsheviks ousted the Romanov Czar of Russia and introduced communism to the country |
| Basin | A drepression or Low-lying area in which water collects on its way to the ocean, there are five major ones in Africa |
| Great Rift Valley | The long thin valley that fomred in eastern Africa because of the action of a divergent plate boundary |
| Colonization | When Europe powers extended their political, economic, social and military control to other lands |
| Cash Crops | Crops that are grown specifically for sale in markets and not for personal use |
| Mesopotamia | AKA the Fertile Crescent, the land along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and into Israel where civilization aros |
| Judaism | Religion of the Jewish poeple that trace their ancestry back to Abraham and believe they are God's "chosen people" |
| Desalinization | The process in which salt water is purified into fresh, drinkin water |
| Western Wall | One of the last remaining pieces of the Jewish 2nd Temple that still remains standing in Jerusalem |
| Himalayas | The talles mountain chain of the world that formed because the Indian subcontinent collided with the Asian plate |
| Atoll | The top of a submerged volcano that ahs a coralreef surrounding the island |
| Escarpment | A steep slope with a nearly flat plateau on top, foudn along the Great Rift Valley |
| Pandemic | And uncontrolled outbreak of a disease affecting a large population over a wide geographic area |
| West Bank | Term given to the area west of the Jordan river controlled by Israel |
| Dead Sea | Lowest point on earth into which the Jorand River empties, it is so dense, that people can float in it |
| Crude Oil | Petroleum that has been pumped form the ground, but has not been processed |
| Dome of the Rock | Mosqque on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem wehre Muslims sya Muhammad ascended into heaven |
| Indus | The major river of the India subcontinent flowing throwing India and Pakistan |
| Cyclone | Tropical storms in the Eastern hemisphere that are simlar in intensity and desruction of the hemisphere of the west |
| Oasis | Place in the desert where waterhas come to the surface and thus supports vegetation and wildlife |
| Rai | Music of Alegeria containing elements of western music that is used as a way to rebel against the ruling group |
| Jerusalem | Holiest city of Judaism and Christianity and of importance to Muslims, Capital of Israel |
| Arabian Peninsula | The countries Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, the UAE make up this desert dominated landform |
| Refinery | Place where crude oil is transformed into the various petroleum products we use |
| Palestinian Liberation Org. or (PLO) | Name of the Palestinian nationalis group tha tuse terrorism to rid Jews of Israel |
| Monsoon | Seasonal winds of the Indian subcontinental that bring either dry weather or tremendous amounts of precipitation |
| Hindusim | Religion of most Indians which is polytheistic and believe in the divine spirit of the Brahman |
| Canopy | The top layer of the rainforests |
| Apartheid | Practice of the complete separation of the races praciced by the white government of South Africa against the blacks |
| Christianity | Religion that began in Israel that believes that Jesus Christ was the Son of God and that he died for their sins |
| Fosil Fuels | Term given to the non-renewable resources taht are used for energy |
| Distillation | The proces used at refineries to separate the different qualities of cude oil, such as gasoline, kerosene, and motor oil |
| Shi'ite and Sunnis | The two branches of Islam |
| Subcontinent | A large landmass that is smaller than continent, India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh are a part of one of these |
| Gandhi | Non-violent leader of India who led the Indians to independence from the UK |
| Desertification | An espansion of dry conditions into moist areas that are next to deserts-process by which land becomes a desert |
| Euphrates and Tigris | the two major rivers of Southwest Asia that flow into the Persian Gulf |
| Islam | Religion began by Muhammud in the Arabian desert that believes Allah is the only god and that he is the las prophet |
| Wadis | River beds that dry up in the desert |
| Mosque | Building where Muslims worship Allah |
| Palestinians | Term given to the natice people of the land of Israel, Arabs and Jews, yet has commonly referred only to Arabs |
| Archipelago | String of island that formed either alond a plate boundary or over hot spots in the ocean as volcanoes |
| Non-violent resistance | Strategy of resistance in which one does not fight back to achieve their goals |
| Caste System | The social class structure of India that has separated its society into very rigid classes |
| Tibet | The high plateau of western China that is also a region of political instability in China |
| Mao Zedong | Communist leader of China that made China a communist country |
| Jakota Triangle | A zone of prosperity in Eastern Asia made up of Japan, the Koreas, and Taiwan |
| partition | to divide or separate. The British used this in India to separate the Hindus and Muslims |
| Great Wall of China | Man-made feature of China that was built by many dynasties to protect it from foreign invaders |
| Dynasty | A series of rulers from the same family |
| Outback | The dry, unpopulated, inland region of Australia |
| Constitutional Monarchy | In this type of government the power of the monarch is limited by a constitution or a Parliment |
| North China Plain | This is where the majority of the Chinese live, it is a very productive agriculutral area |
| Pacific Rim | Nickname given to the countries that surroudn the Pacific ocean |
| Great Barrier Reef | World's longest string of coral reefs off of the coast of Australia |
| Buddhism | Religion of Southeast Asia and China that emphasizes rebirth and the end of the rebirth cycle |
| Gobi Desert | Desert of Mongolia and China |
| Economic Tiger | A nation that has rapid economic growth due to cheap labor, hight technology and aggressive exports |
| Oceania | Nickname given to the thoushands of islands of the South Pacific |
| Sultan | Title given to Muslim rulers in Islamic countries |
| Typhoon | A tropical storm that occurs in the western Pacifis |
| Samurai | Professional soldiers of Japan that served the interests of landowners |
| IndoChina | Nicknames given to the area of Southeast Asia made up of Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, And Myanmar |
