| A | B |
|---|
| polymers | a long molecule consisting of many identical or simular building blocks linked by covalent bonds such a train would consist of a chain of cars |
| monomers | small molecules that are the building blocks of a polymer |
| condensation reaction | monomers are connected by a reaction in which two molecules are covalently bonded to each other through the loss of a water molecule |
| hydrolysis reaction | water is added between monomers to break covalent bonds |
| carbohydrates | term includes both sugars and their polymers |
| monosaccharides | simple sugars |
| disaccharides | double sugars where two monosaccharides have been linked together by a glycosidic linkage |
| glycosidic linkage | a covelent bond formed between two monoasaccharides by a dehydration reaction |
| polysaccharides | have hundreds to thousands of monomers linked together by condensation reactions |
| starch & glycogen | polysaccharides for energy storage |
| cellulose & chiton | polysaccharides structural support |
| starch | helical polymer of glucose |
| amylose | type of unbranched starch |
| amylopectin | type of branched starch |
| glycogen | the polysaccharide used by animals to store sugars |
| cellulose | linear unbranched polymer of glucose |
| chitin | built up from monomers of amino sugar |
| Three kinds of lipids that are vital for life | fats, phospholipids, & steriods |
| saturated fatty acid | no double bonds; carbon bonded to maximum number hydrogens |
| unsaturated fatty acid | one or more double bonds; tail kinds at each C=C bond (since H missing) |
| adipose cells | fats cells that can grow or shrink to fit fat |
| phospholipids | special type of lipid hat is very important for cells |
| steriods | lipids with four rings |
| Examples of disaccharides. | maltose, lactose, sucrose |
