| A | B |
|---|
| breaker | A wave that is so steep that wave's crest tumbles forward faster that the rest of the wave. |
| currents | Caused by waves breaking in shallow water. |
| surf | Another name for a breaker. |
| Bernoulli's principle | The pressure in a fluid decreases as the speed of the fluid increases. |
| Tsunami | A tidial wave caused by an underwater earthquake. |
| longitudinal wave | Water particles are vibrating back and forth in the same direction that the wave is moving. |
| waves | A disturbance created by vibrations. |
| crest | top of a wave |
| trough | bottom of a wave |
| wavelength | Distance between two identical wave points. |
| hertz | one wave per second |
| diffraction | a wave that bends around a barrier |
| refraction | When waves travel at diffrent speeds through diffrent media. |
| wave period | the amount of time it takes for each water particles to complete one whole circle. |
| plates | Gigantic chunks of rock that move across the earth's surface. |
| fault | Location were rocks move. |
| seismic waves | Cause earthquakes. |
| plate tectonics | A theory that helps scientists understand why earthquakes occur. |
| magnitude | strength |
| seismograph | A machine used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake. |
| Richter Scale | A scale of measurement in which the number showing the magnitude of an earthquake. |
| Primary wave | very fast longitudinal waves that travel through solids and liquids. |
| Secondary wave | Transverse waves that are slower than primary waves. These can only travel through solids. |
| Surface waves | (aka L waves) Waves that reach the earth's surface. |
