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| Your text says that many animals respond to periodic changes in environment with daily or seasonal cycles of behavior. Give examples. | Animals going into a period of dormancy; migration (birds, butterflies, whales, green sea turtles). |
| Give an example of circadian rhythms. | This is behavior that occurs in daily patterns, such as most humans sleeping at night and being awake during the day. |
| Define courtship. | It's a type of behavior in which an animal sends out stimuli--such as sound, visual displays, or chemicals in order to attract a member of the opposite sex. (Examples pg. 879) |
| What is a ritual? | It's a series of behaviors performed the same way by all members of a population for the purpose of communicating. Most continue until mating occurs. |
| What is the purpose of courtship behavior? | It helps animals find a healthy mate. |
| What is an animal society? | It's a group of related animals of the same species that interact closely and often cooperate with one another. |
| What advantages are there to an animal society? | The society helps in survival, ability to hunt, to protect territory, to guard young, to fight with rivals. |
| Why is it important that social behavior helps a relative survive and reproduce? | This improves an individual's evolutionary fitness. |
| What group of animals did Jane Goodall observe? | Primates; specifically chimpanzees. |
| What does a territory contain within its boundaries? | It contains resources, such as food, water, nesting sites, shelter, and potential mates necessary for survival and reproduction. |
| How does aggression operate during competition? | Aggression is a threatening behavior that one animal uses to gain control over another. The most aggressive members get their way, while the less aggressive ones have to step back and wait...or are killed. |
| How do animals communicate? | They use visual, sound, touch, or chemical signals to communicate. |
| What are some visual signals animals use? Why? | They change colors, patterns, textures of their bodies. These signals function in defense, hunting, mating, warning, and perhaps things we don't know. |
| What are pheromones? | Pheromones are chemical messengers that affect the behavior of other individuals of the same species to mark a territory or to signal their readiness to mate. |
| Give examples of animals that use sound signals. | Crickets, toads, bird, dolphins. |
| What mammals communicate using language? | Only humans use language. |
