| A | B |
|---|
| Industrial Revolution | process by which machines replaced hand tools, and new sources of power (such as steam and electricity) replaced human and animal power. |
| spinning jenny | a machine that could spin several threads at once |
| cotton gin | invention that speeded up the process of cleaning cotton fibers |
| capitalist | A person who invests in a business in order to make a profit |
| factory system | method of producing goods that brought workers and machinery together in one place |
| Eli Whitney | Came up with the idea of interchangeable parts, and invented the cotton gin |
| Samuel Slater | designed the first American factory |
| interchangeable parts | identical, machine-made parts for a tool or instrument |
| turnpike | road built by a private company that charges a toll to use it |
| corduroy road | road made of logs |
| canal | artificial channel filled with water to allow boats to cross a stretch of land |
| Erie Canal | Built between 1817 and 1825; linked the Hudson and Mohawk rivers with Buffalo and Lake Erie |
| Francis Cabot Lowell | combined spinning and weaving under one roof, and formed the Boston Associates |
| Robert Fulton | launched the steamboat, The Clermont, on the Hudson River in 1807 |
| Urbanization | movement of population from farms to cities |
