| A | B |
|---|
| Carbohydrates | Nutrients that are the body's main source of energy |
| Dietary fiber | A mixture of plant materials that is not broken down in the digestive system |
| Fats | A nutrient that provides a concentrated source of energy |
| Protein | Nutrients that help build, repair, and maintain body tissues: also a source of energy |
| Vitamins | Chemical in food that help regulate vital body processes and aid other nutrients in doing their job |
| Nutrient deficiency | A severe nutrient shortage |
| Malnutrition | Serious health problems caused by poor nutrition over a long period of time |
| Calorie | The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree Celsius |
| Insoluble fiber | A type of fiber that will not dissolve in water but will absorb water |
| Soluble fiber | Dietary fiber that will, dissolve in water |
| Refined sugar | Sugars that are distracted from plants and used as a sweetner |
| Amino acids | Chains of chemical building blocks from which proteins are made |
| Complete protein | Proteins that supply all nine essential amino acids |
| Incomplete protein | Protein lacking one or more essential amino acids |
| Cholesterol | A fat-like substance found in all body cells that is needed for many essential body processes |
| LDL | A chemical that takes cholesterol from the liver to wherever it is needed in the body |
| HDL | A chemical that picks up excess cholesterol and takes it back to the liver, keeping it from causing harm |
| Saturated fatty acid | Fat that raise the LDL cholesterol in the blood |
| Polyunsaturated fatty acid | Fats that help lower cholesterol level |
| Monounsaturated fatty acid | Fats that help lower LDL cholesterol levels and raise levels of HDL |
| Hydrogenation | A process in which missing hydrogen atoms are added to an unsaturated fat to make it firmer in texture |
| Trace minerals | Minerals needed in very small amounts |
