| A | B |
|---|
| polis | a city-state of ancient Greece |
| citizens | in ancient Greece, a male inhabitant of a city who took part in government |
| aristocrats | noble who owned land n ancient Greece; a member of the upper class who provided cavalry to the king in time of war |
| tyrant | a Greek leader who seizes power and who is harsh in exercise of authority |
| oligarchy | a government in which a small group holds political power |
| democracy | government by the people |
| rheoric | art of using words effectively when speaking |
| phalanx | military formation based on a solid square of men |
| hoplite | armed Athenian soldier |
| helots | farmer-slaves forced to raise food for Sparta |
| ephors | Spartan government officials |
| socratic method | art of teaching by questioning |
| metics | Athenian artisans - often from other city-states or countries |
| fresco | wall painting dome on wet plaster |
| hero | usually half mortal and half immortal; capable of deeds above the average |
| myth | a traditional story that explains natural phenomena, such as the origin of people |
| epic | a long narrative poem celebrating the deeds of a alegendary or historical hero |
| classical | relating to the culture of ancient Greece and Rome, characterized by simple, elegant, graceful balance |
| tragedy | a dramatic story or play that often represents a terrible struggle or calamity |
| comedy | light, amusing story or play with a happy ending |
| philosopher | a thinker or lover of wisdom |
| logic | science of correct reasoning and proof |
| sophist | paid teachers in Greece who taught students how to get ahead in the world - often by questioning and pulling down an idea |
