| A | B |
|---|
| Islam | a world religion, second largest |
| Muhammad | person who started Islam; most important prophet |
| Mecca | most important holy city of the Muslims |
| Muslim | a follower of Islam |
| Allah | Arabic word for God |
| monotheism | belief in one god |
| Judaism and Christianity | Islam came from these two religions |
| Abraham | considered a prophet of Islam |
| prophet | a messenger of God |
| Koran | holy book of Islam |
| Sunni | a division of Islam where people follow Muhammad's closest advisor Abu Bakr |
| Shi'i | a division of Islam where people follow Muhammad's descendants, the first being Ali |
| Sunnite | a Muslim who belongs to the Sunni division of Islam |
| Shi'ite | a Muslim who follows the Shi'i division of Islam |
| Kaaba | a holy place of worship in Mecca |
| Arabian Peninsula | the origin of Islam occurred here |
| Saudi Arabia | Mecca and Medina can be found in this modern country |
| Bedouin | an Arab nomad |
| hijrah | when Muhammad left Mecca in 622, the first year of the Islamic calendar |
| five | the amount of pillars that Muslims use in their code of laws |
| alms | religious tax assessed on Muslims so that the needy are helped |
| fast | to go without food and drink from sunrise to sunset during Ramadan |
| hajj | a pilgrimmage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime if one can afford it |
| prayer | Muslims pray 5 times a day at set times, facing Mecca |
| mosque | a religious place of worship |
| minaret | a high tower in a mosque, used for calling people to prayer |
| Friday | the Muslim Sabbath day |
| paradise | a word that means heaven, a place where Muslims are promised eternal life |
| algebra | an advanced math that began during the Muslim empire |
| Morocco | the N. African country close to Spain; its location helped the Muslims conquer Spain |
| Pyrenees | the mountains between Spain and France, site of battle between French and Muslims |
| Egypt, Algeria, Tunisia | some of the North African countries conquered by the Muslims |
| north to Turkey | how far north the Muslim religion spread in the north of the Middle East |
| east to India, Uzbekistan,and Pakistan | how far to the east the Muslim religion spread |
| conquest | how the Muslim religion spread |
| persecution | what Muhammad received from the wealth merchants of Mecca |
| A D six hundred and thirty two | the year Muhammad died |
| A D five hundred and seventy | the year Muhammad was born |
| A D six hundred and twenty two | the year that Muhammad left Mecca for Medina |
| A D seven hundred and eleven | as of this year, the Muslims conquered the Arabian Peninsula, parts of sw Asia, east to the Indus River, and most of northern Africa |
| A D seven hundred and nineteen | The Arabs crossed the Pyrenees into France |
| A D seven hundred and thirty two | the daylong battle at Toors ended the Muslim invasion of Europe |
| Europe | Christianity is the major religion of this continent |
| Asia | Islam is dominant on this continent |
| trade | this economic activity brought great wealth to the Muslim empire |
| A D six hundred and ten | the year Muhammad becomes a prophet of Allah |
| Arabian Desert | this dry hot land is located on the Arabian peninsula |
| Red Sea | one of the seas that borders the Arabian peninsula |
| horseback riders | the Arab soldier were skilled equestrians |
| calligraphy | beautiful handwriting is admired in Islamic civilizations |
| Arabic | the common language in the Middle East |
| Dome of the Rock | a grand mosque in Jerusalem |
| caliph | an early Muslim ruler |
| A D six hundred and thirty | the year Muhammad and his army defeated Mecca |
| Spain, Portugal, N Africa, SW and Central Asia | land which was conquered by the Islamic armies by 850 |
| France | country which stopped the Muslim invasions at the Pyrenees |
| Morocco | the control of which country allowed the Muslims to control the Iberian Peninsula |
| Iberian | the peninsula with Spain and Portugal |
| Medina | second holiest Muslim city |
