| A | B |
|---|
| heredity | passing of traits from parent to offspring |
| allele | a different form a gene may have for a trait |
| genetics | the science of how traits are inherited through alleles passed from one generation to another |
| dominant | the form of a trait that appears to dominate or mask another form of the same trait |
| recessive | the form of a trait that seems to disappear in a population but can reappear depending on the way the alleles combine |
| Punnett square | a tool that shows how genes can combine; used to predict the probability of types of offspring |
| genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism |
| homozygous | an organism that has two identical alleles for a trait |
| heterozygous | an organism that has two different alleles for a trait |
| phenotype | a physical trait that shows as a result of an organism's particular genotype |
| incomplete dominance | the production of a phenotype in an offspring that is intermediate to the phenotypes of its two homozygous parents |
| multiple alleles | having more than two alleles that control a trait |
| polygenic inheritance | occurs when groups of gene pairs act together to produce a specific trait |
| sex-linked gene | an allele inherited on a sex chromosome |
| pedigree | a diagram that shows the occurrence of a trait in a family |
| genetic engineering | biological and chemical methods to change a cell's DNA sequence to produce desirable traits or eliminate undesirable traits |
| genome | a map of the location of individual genes on every chromosome of an individual |
