| A | B |
|---|
| Evaporation | The process of the sun's heat changing water into water vapor. |
| Condensation | The process of water vapor changing back into liquid. |
| Precipitation | When water particles in a cloud increase and become too heavy, they fall to Earth as rain or snow. |
| Runoff | Water the flows but does not soak into the ground. |
| A solution cave | A limestone cavern that forms when underground water slowly dissolves limestone rock. |
| Stalactites | Rock formations that hang down from the ceiling of a cave. |
| Stalagmites | Rock formations that form on the floor of a cave. |
| Three things that determine whether rainwater soaks into the ground or runs off. | How much rain, the type of ground, and the slope of the ground. |
| Drainage basin | The area that a stream or river drains. |
| Meander | The curves formed by fast moving water in a streambed. |
| Ground water | The water the soaks into the ground and collects in the pores. |
| Permeable | The ability of water to soak or pass easily through soil or rock. |
| Impermeable | The inability of water to soak or pass easily through soil or rock. |
| Shale, slate, and clay | Examples of impermeable rocks. |
| Sandstone | An example of a permeable rock. |
| Aquifer | A layer of permeable soil or rock that allows water to move in and out freely. |
| Water table | The top of the level where ground water has collected. |
| A spring | A place where the water table meets the Earth surface and water simply flows out of the rock or soil. |
| Glaciers | Huge masses of moving snow and ice which cover about one-tenth of the Earth's surface. |
| Firn | Snow that doesn't melt after one year which becomes compressed and eventually turns into glacial ice. |
| Continental glaciers | Masses of ice and snow that cover large land masses near the Earth's polar regions. |
| Valley glaciers | Small glaciers found at higher elevations in mountain regions. |
| Erosion | The wearing away or weathering of surface materials. |
| 4 agents of erosion | Gravity, running water, glaciers, and wind. |
| Creep | The slow movement of soil down a hill, causing objects to lean. |
| Slump | The slow movement of a mass of soil down a hill caused by weakened material underneath. |
| Rockslide | The mass movement of large falling rocks. |
| Mudflow | Masses of wet, heavy material which slide downhill becuase of heavy rain. |
| Dune | A land formation caused by deposited sand from wind erosion. |
| Deposition | The process by which a stream or river dumps sediment. |
| Hydrologic (water) cycle | evaporation, condensation, percipatation |
