| A | B |
|---|
| pathogen | any organisms capable of causing a disease |
| parasite | an organism that lives on or in another |
| virulence | the ability to cause a disease |
| vector | an organism that transfers pathogens from one organism to another |
| plasma cell | differentiated from B-cells these produce anti-bodies |
| phagocyte | white blood cells that attack foreign substances by engulfing and destroying them |
| antigen | substance which stimulates the production of antibodies |
| antibody | specific protein produced in response to an antigen |
| immunity | ortanism's resistance to disease |
| interferon | proteins produced in response to invasion by viruses. |
| complement | 11 proteins found in blood serum which aid phagocytosis |
| lymphocytes | white blood cells |
| B-lymphocytes | lymphocytes produced in bone marrow |
| T-lymphocytes | llymphocytes produced in bone marrow and processed by thymus |
| vaccine | a preparation of weakened or killed pathogens introduced into the body to cause production of antibodies |
| Immune Deficiency Disease | A disease which causes a deficiency or defect in the immune system |
| Auto-Immune Disease | A disease where the body fails to recognise "self" and attacks some part of itself |
| Hypersensitivity | Overreactionto the resence of antigens resulting in tissue injury |
| Down Syndrome | Disease caused by an extra chromosome 21 |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | An auto-immune disease in which the cells of the joint cavities are destroyed |
| Whooping Cough | Disease caused by the bacteria B. pertussis |
| Schistosomiasis | Parasitic disease caused by bllod fluke |
| Immunisation | The giving of vaccines or toxoids which stimulate the production of antibodies |
| Natural Resistance | Natural immunity present in the body at the time of birth |
| Acquired Resistance | Defence mechanisms which develop during the lifetime of an individual as a result of exposure to infection |
| Immunological Memory | The ability of memory cells to recognise antigens on the second or subsequent exposure |
| Macrophage | A large phagocytic cell |
| Lymphokines | Substance produced by killer aT-lymphocytes which destroys pathogens |
| Peristalsis | muscular movement of the alimentary canal |
| Mucus | Substance produced by membranes of alimentarycanal, respiratory tract and urinogenital tract to prevent drying out |
