| A | B |
|---|
| A.F.L. | an organization which concentrated its efforts on helping workers gain higher wages and better working conditions |
| agrarian society | a society based on farming for its economic basis |
| captains of industry | leaders of big business |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | 1882-the first law to prohitit the immigration of a specific ethnic group to U.S. |
| Conservation | to regulate or manage the wealth of nature for future use |
| discrimination | the unfair difference in the treatment of people |
| Ellis Island | place in New York Harbor where immigrants were admitted into the U.S. |
| ethnic | a group of people who share characteristics such as language and customs |
| ethnic neighborhood | people of a particular group living near one another |
| ghetto | part of a city where any racial group or nationality lives |
| Homestead Act | 1862 law offering free farmland on the Great Plains to anyone who agreed to work it for five years. |
| Homestead Strike | a labor dispute in 1892 in which steelworkers lost union representantion until the 1930's |
| immigrant | a person who leaves one country to live in another |
| immigration | a coming into a country or region to live there |
| industrial revolution | the era in which a change took place from household industries to factory production using powered machinery |
| jim crow laws | a restriction passed in the south after reconstruction to segregate the races |
| mechanization | replace people or animals by machinery |
| merit system | a system that rewards jobs to people according to worth or value |
| migration | a number of people or animals moving together from one place to settle in another |
| muckrakers | writers, mostly journalists, who published ills of public life |
| N.A.A.C.P | national association for the advancement of colored people |
| organized labor | groups of wokers from the same line of work joined together to promote their business |
| political bosses | leaders of political machines |
| Boss tweed | boss of the political machine in new york |
| political machines | organizations that controlled local politics |
| progressive movement | efforts which inspired reforms to address social problems in America |
| reservation | an area set aside for indian use |
| sanitation | the working out and application of ways to prevent disease from filth and dirt |
| settlement house | neighboorhood community centers set up to help the needy |
| specialized industries | industries that deal with specific products such as meat-packing or steel |
| Square Deal | protection for the consumer against big business such as regulating the railroads |
| Statue of Liberty | gift from France that stands in New York Harbor |
| tenement | an apartment building divided into many cramped living units |
| transcontinental railroad | a railroad the stretches across a continent |
| union | a group of workers joined together to protect and promote their interests |
| urbanization | having to do with cities or towns |
| westward expansion | the movement of people beyond the frontier |
| women's suffrage | women who fought for and won the right to vote |
| susan b anthony | lead the struggle for women's suffrage |
| Elizabeth Cady Stanton | helped in the struggle for women's suffrage |
| temperance movements | movements promoted by organizations which urged abstention from the use of alcohol |
