| A | B |
|---|
| Nitrogen Bases | For example, adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine |
| Double Helix | Watson and Crick found the structure of DNA to have this shape. |
| Semi conservative replication | When DNA makes an exact copy of itself inside the cell |
| Gene | A portion of a DNA molecule that is the code for a single protein. |
| Codon | A triplet on mRNA. |
| Transcription | The process of making a mRNA. |
| mRNA | Carries the code from DNA to the ribosome. |
| tRNA | Brings amino acids to the ribosome. |
| Anticodon | A triplet on a tRNA, bonds to the codon. |
| Translation | Using the code in a mRNA molecule to build a protein |
| DNA helicase | An enzyme which unwinds a DNA molcule by breaking the hydrogen bonds |
| DNA polymerase | An enzyme which builds a DNA chain using another chain as a template |
| Haploid | A cell with half the usual number of chromosomes |
| Diploid | A cell with pairs of chromosomes |
| Chiasmata | Where chromsomes in a bivalent coil around each other and swap sections of their DNA |
| Locus | The position of a gene on a chromosome |
| Homologous pair | Two chromosomes with alleles for the same genes |
| Allele | Different forms of the same gene |
| Introns | Non coding parts of a gene |
| Exons | The parts of a gene which are expressed |
