| A | B |
|---|
| inspection | visual examination of the external body surface, movements and position |
| palpation | process of examining with the hands or fingers the external body surface |
| auscultation | process of listening for sounds of the body |
| percussion | use of the fingertips to tap the body to determine position, size and consistency of underlying structure or fluid in a cavity |
| alveoli | air cells of the lungs; the functional units of the lungs |
| larynx | the voice box; enlarged upper end of the trachea |
| pharynx | passageway for air from nasal cavity to larunx and food from mouth to esophagus |
| pleura | the double-folded membrane that lines the thoracic cavity |
| trachea | the windpipe; a tupe lined with rings of cartilage from the larynx to the bronchial tubes |
| bronchi | two main branches leading from trachea to lungs, providing passageway for air |
| apnea | a temporary cessation of breathing |
| bradypnea | abnormally slow breathing |
| nonproductive/unproductive cough | not effective in bringing up sputum; dry cough |
| productive cough | effective in bringing up sputum; wet cough |
| dysphonia | difficulty in speaking;hoarseness |
| dyspnea | air hunger resulting in labored or difficult breathing; sometimes accompanied by pain |
| epistaxis | hemorrhage from the nose; nosebleed |
| expectoration | the act of spitting out saliva or coughing up materials form the air passageways leading to the lungs |
| hemoptysis | expectoration of blood arising from the oral cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchi, or lungs |
| Kussmaul respirations | very deep, gasing type of respiration associated with severe diabetic acidosis |
| orthpnea | discomfort in breathing in any but erect, sitting, or standing position |
| rales | an abnormal sound in the chest; a crackling sound similar to that of moisture crackling in a tube as air passes through it |
| rhinorrhea | thin, watery discharge from the nose |
| stridor | harsh sound during inhalation; high pitched and resembing wind due to obstruction of the airway |
| tachypnea | abnormal rapidity of breathing |
| wheeze | a whistling or sighing sound resulting from narrowing of the lumen of a respiratory passageway; usually on exhalation |
| coryza | inflammation of the repiratory mucous membranes; aka common cold |
| croup | a childhood disease with barking cough, suffocative and difficult breathing, stridor and laryngeal spasm |
| asthma | paroxysmal dyspnea accompanied by wheezing caused by a bronchial spasm or swelling of the mucous membranes |
| emphysema | chronic pulmonary disease chracterized by larger air spaces distal to the terminal bronchiole, either from dilation of the alveoli or from destruction of their walls; major cause- smoking |
| empyema | pus in a body cavity, especially in the pleural cavity ; usually result of primary infection in the lungs |
| pleuritis (pleurisy) | inflammation of both the visceral and parietal pleura |
| pneumonia | inflammation of the lungs caused primarily by bacteria, viruses and chemical irritants |
| pneumothorax | collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity due to performation of the chest wall or the pleura covering the lung |
| pulmonary edema | swelling of the lungs caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lungs |
| pulmonary heart disease | aka cor pulmonala; hypertrophy of the right ventricle resulting from lung, pulmonary or chest wall disorders; heart failure resulting from pulmonary disease |
| anthracosis | Black Lung disease |
| asbestosis | a lung disease resulting from inhalation of asbestos particles |
| byssinosis | Brown Lung Disease |
| silicosis | a lung disease resulting from inhalation of silica dust |
| bronchoscopy | examination of the interiro of the bronchi using a lighted, flexible tube known as a bronchoscope |
| thoracentesis | examination using a needle to collect pleural fluid for lab analysis or to remove excess pleural fluid or air from the pleural space |
