| A | B |
|---|
| property | a way to describe matter, such as color, shape, odor, and hardness |
| electron | a part of an atom that has a negative electrical charge and is found outside the atom's nucleus |
| neutron | a part of an atom that has no electrical charge and is found inside the atom's nucleus |
| proton | a part of an atom that has a positive electrical charge and is found inside the atom's nucleus |
| potential energy | energy that is stored in matter |
| kinetic energy | energy that comes from moverment |
| force | any push or pull on an object |
| gravity | the force of attraction between any two objects that have mass |
| weight | the measure of the force of gravity on an object |
| inertia | the tendency of an object to stay at rest or in motion unless it is acted upon by a force |
| machine | a tool or device that makes work easier to do |
| effort force | a force that is applied when doing work |
| resistance force | a force that must be overcome when doing work |
| conduction | the way heat is passed along by molecules of matter that bump into one another |
| insulator | matter that does not conduct heat well |
| reflection | the bouncing of light off an object |
| refraction | the bending of light rays as they pass from one substance into another |
| spectrum | the band of colors that make up white light |
| electricity | a form of energy caused by the movement of electrons |
| static electricity | the electricity caused when objects with opposite charges are attracted to each other |
| circuit | an unbroken, circular path that an electrical current flows through, includes a source of energy, such as a battery |
| solar system | the sun and all the planets and other objects that circle around it |
| continent | a large landmass |
| line of latitude | a line that circles a globe, runs east and west |
| line of longitude | a line that circles a globe; runs north and south |
| prime meridian | the 0-degree line of longitude |
| equator | an imaginary line that circles the Earth halfway between the North and South poles |
| igneous rock | a type of rock formed from magma |
| sedimentary rock | a type of rock formed by the pressing together of smaller particles of rock or the remains of living things |
| metamorphic rock | a type of rock formed when other rocks undergo changes under very high temperature or pressure |
| magma | melted rock formed in the Earth's mantle |
| lava | liquid rock that has reached the Earth's surface |
| atmosphere | the air that surrounds the Earth or another body in space |
| troposphere | the layer nearest the Earth |
| ozone | a thin layer of gas found in the stratosphere that filters out much of the harmful radiation from the sun |
