| A | B |
|---|
| herbivore | eat only plants |
| carnivore | eat only meat |
| omnivore | eat both plants and meat |
| vertebrate | animals with backbones |
| invertebrate | animals without backbones |
| radial symmetry | animals that have body parts arranged in a circle |
| bilateral symmetry | animal that can be divided into left and right halves |
| sessile | organisms that stay in one place |
| hermaphrodite | animals that produce both sperm and eggs in same body |
| polyp | Cnidarians with vase-like body type |
| medusa | Cnidarians with bell-shaped body |
| tentacles | armlike structures that surround mouth of cnidarians |
| stinging cell | coiled, threadlike structure that helps cnidarians capture prey |
| anus | opening at the end of the digestive tract |
| organic compound | compounds found in living organisms, contain carbon |
| diffusion | molecules move from greater concentration to lower concentration |
| equilibrium | molecules spread out evenly |
| osmosis | diffusion of water through a cell membrane |
| active transport | movement of material across cell membrane with use of energy |
| passive transport | movement of material across cell membrane without use of energy |
| producer | organism that makes its own food |
| consumer | organism that can not make its own food |
| photosynthesis equation | 6CO2 + 6 H2O+light energy---> C6H12O6+6 O2 |
| respiration equation | glucose + oxygen ----> carbon dioxide+energy |
| Fermentation | a form of respiration that converts energy from glucose with low oxygen supply |
| Interphase | stage of cell cycle of growth and DNA synthesis |
| Chromosome | threadlike strands of DNA, carries genetic code |
| Mitosis | process of nucleus dividing |
| Asexual Reproduction | reproduction with only one parent |
| Sexual Reproduction | reproduction with sex cells from 2 parents |
| Diploid | a cell with 2 of every kind of chromosome |
| Haploid | a cell with only one chromosome from each pair |
| Fertilization | joining of egg and sperm |
| Zygote | the cell formed in fertilization |
| Meiosis | division of cell nucleus that forms sex cells |
| Genes | controls traits |
| RNA | ribonucleic acid |
| Mutation | permanent change in DNA |
| Stimulus | A change that brings about a response |
| Adaptation | characteristic that enables an organism to better live in its surroundings |
| Homeostasis | maintaining steady conditions inside an organism |
| Redi's Experiment | used meat to prove that life comes from life |
| Pasteur's Experiment | used broth to prove that life comes from life |
| Theory of Biogenesis | living things come from other living things |
| Hypothesis | a prediction that can be tested |
| SI system | International System of Units |
| cellulose | makes up cell walls of plants |
| cuticle | waxy layer on the stems and leaves |
| vascular | plants with tubelike vessels |
| rhizoid | rootlike filament that holds a moss in place |
| multicellular | all plants are |
| mosses and liverworts | Bryophytes include |
| gymnosperms | vascular plants that produce seeds in cones |
| angiosperms | vascular plants that produce seeds inside fruit |
| dicots | two cotyledons in their seeds |
| phloem | tissue that moves food from leaves to other plant parts |
| guard cells | cells that surround the stomata |
| embryo | a seed is the part of the plant that contains a plant _________ |
| stomata | small pores in the leaf surface |
| gravitropism | response to gravity |
| phototropism | response to light |
| Ethylene gas | causes fruit to ripen |
| xylem | tissue that transports water and minerals |
| make food | major function of leaves |
| photosynthesis | process that uses light energy to produce food |
| photoperiodism | flowering response to changes in length of light and dark in a day |
| respiration | process of releasing energy from food |
| Virus | a nonliving particle made of a core of hereditary material surrounded by a protein coat |
| How are viruses classified? | shape, hereditary material, organism they infect and method of reproduction |
| Vaccine | made of damaged virus, used to prevent viruses |
| AIDS | acquired immune deficiency syndrome |
| prokaryotic | no organized nucleus |
| Eukaryotic | organized nucleus |
| Organelle | structures within the cytoplasm |
| Nucleus | structure that directs all activities in a cell |
| Mitochondria | power house of cell, release energy for the cell |
| Chloroplast | change light energy into chemical energy |
| Cell | smallest unit of an organism that can perform life functions |
| Tissue | group of cells that do the same work |
| Organ | a structure made of different types of tissues that work together to do a specific job |
| Organ System | A goup of organs that work together |
| Nuclear Membrane | Membrane that surrounds the nucleus |
| Cell Membrane | selectively permeable outer boundary of a cell |
| Cytoplasm | jelly like substance in a cell |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | folded membrane that move materials around a cell |
| species | a group of organisms who members can successfully reproduce among themselves |
| evolution | changes that occur over time |
| natural selection | Darwin's theory of evolution- best adapted survive |
| Darwin | developed a theory of evolution |
| variation | inherited trait that makes an individual different from other members of the same species |
| fossils | remains of life from an earlier time |
| homologous structure | body parts in different species that are similar |
| vestigial structure | body part that is reduced in size and has no obvious use |
| embryology | study of the development of embryos |
| primates | group of animals to which monkeys, apes and humans belong |
| hominids | earliest humanlike primates- walked upright |
| Homo sapiens | our own species |
| Homo habilis | "handy man" |
| extinction | elimination of a species |
| sedimentary rock | type of rock fossils can usually be found in |
