| A | B |
|---|
| Chromatid | One of two copies formed by replication of the original chromosome |
| Gamete | A reproductive cell |
| Allele | Location of traits on a chromosome |
| Haploid | Having one copy of each chromosome |
| Metaphase | Chromatids are lined up in the center of the cell |
| Mitosis | The process of cell division resulting in two daughter cells |
| Mutation | A permanent error in genetic material |
| Heterozygous | Having unlike alleles or any given trait |
| Centriole | Organelle that gives rise to spindle fibers |
| Anaphase | Chromatids are pullled towards opposite sides of the cell |
| Chromatin | Protein/DNA complex making the chromosome |
| Diploid | Having two copies of each chromosome |
| Centromere | The area of the chromosome where spindle fibers attach |
| Prophase | The nuclear membrane disappears |
| Histones | "beads on a string" |
| Chromosomes | responsible for storage and transmission of genetic information |
| Meiosis | reduction division |
| Interphase | The cell is engaged in metabolic activity and preparing for mitosis |
| Telophase | Chromosomes arrive at opposite poles of the cell and nuclear envelope reforms |
| Kinases | enzymes involved in triggering events in the cell cycle |
| Cell Cycle | G1-S-G2-M-cytokinesis |
| G2 | each chromosome is composed of two chromatids in preparation for mitosis |
| G1 | The cell is preparing to begin DNA replication |
| Cdk | major control switch for the cell cycle |
| p53 | blocks the cell cycle if the DNA is damaged |
| p27 | blocks entry into S phase of cell cycle |
| cancer | A disease causing cells to divide at a rapid pace |
