| A | B |
|---|
| 1. Adaptation | a structure or behavior that increases organisms' s chance of surviving or reproducing in a particular environment. |
| 2. Alleles: | a form of a gene. |
| 3. Amphibians | vertebrates, such as frogs, that live part of their lives in water and part on land |
| 4. Annelids | animals whose bodies are divided into a series of similar segments, such as earthworms |
| 5. Arachnids | animals with eight jointed legs and a hard shell, such as spiders. |
| 6. Arthropods | animals with jointed legs and a hard shell, such as insects, crabs. |
| 7. Artificial selection | the deliberate change in species of animals, plants and other organisms, by breeding together only those individuals that have the desired traits. |
| 8. Asexual reproduction | producing offspring from a single individual; budding or cutting. |
| 9. Autotrophs | an organisms able to make its own food through the process of photosynthesis. |
| 10. Birds | vertebrates that have feathers, lay eggs with a shell, and are endotherms |
| 11. Bryophytes | a plant that has no true roots or vascular tissue; includes liverworts and mosses. |
| 12. Centipedes | arthropods with many segments having one pair of legs per segment. |
| 13. Chordates | animals that have a hollow cord extending along their back at some stage of their lives. |
| 14. Class | the third level in the hierarchical scientific naming system |
| 15. Cnidarians | animals with stinging cells, such as jellyfish. |
| 16. Conifers | seed bearing plants that produce cones; pine and cedar trees. |
| 17. Crustaceans | arthropods with gills and two pairs of antennae; crabs. |
| 18. Dichotomous key | a list of pairs of alternative characteristics used for classification. |
| 19. Echinoderms | animals with spiny skin and radial symmetry; starfish. |
| 20. Ectotherm | an animal whose body temperature changes when the temperature of its surrounding environment changes; all animals living today except birds and mammals. |
| 21. Endotherm | an animal that maintains a constant body temperature, even if the temperature of the surrounding changes; birds and mammals. |
| 22. Family | the fifth level in the hierarchical scientific naming system |
| 23. Ferns | spore producing plants with vascular tissues, which require moisture for sexual reproduction. |
| 24. Flatworms | simple worms, usually with an one-ended digestive system and simple nervous system; tapeworms |
| 25. Fronds | the leaves of a fern. |
| 26. Fungi | one of the five kingdoms of living things; yeasts, moulds, mushrooms. |
| 27. Gametes | a special reproductive cell; a sperm or egg cell. |
| 28. Genes | a unit of heredity within the nucleus of a cell, containing instructions that control the development of traits. |
| 29. Genus | the sixth level in the hierarchical scientific naming system |
| 30. Gymnosperms | seed-bearing plants whose seeds are exposed on the surface of leaves or scales; conifers. |
| 31. Heterotrophs | an organism that obtains energy for its life processes by consuming other organisms. |
| 32. Hierarchical | a system of classification in which groups at each level are subdivided to produce smaller groups at a level below. |
| 33. Insects | arthropods having distinct body parts; a head, thorax and abdomen. |
| 34. Invertebrates | an animal that lacks a bony spinal column |
| 35. Jawed fishes | vertebrates that live in water, breathe using gills, and have a covering of scales |
| 36. Jawless fishes | vertebrates that lack jaws; rare; parasitic lamprey |
| 37. Kingdom | the largest group into which a living thing is classified; the first level in the hierarchical scientific naming system |
| 38. Larva | the juvenile form of certain animals; caterpillar |
| 39. Life cycle | the stages of development that an organism goes through in its life. |
| 40. Liverworts | type of small plants with no vascular tissue |
| 41. Mammals | vertebrates that have a covering of hair, have mammary glands to nourish their young, and are endotherms. |
| 42. Medusae | free floating, umbrella like form of some Cnidarians, with tentacles trailing downwards; jellyfish. |
| 43. Metamorphosis | a dramatic change in an organism's appearance and habits during its life cycle. |
| 44. Millipedes | arthropods with many segments, having two pairs of legs per segment. |
| 45. Molluscs | soft bodied animals, with well developed system; most have a shell; clams |
| 46. Monera | also known as the kingdom Prokaryotae. |
| 47. Mosses | type of small plants with no vascular tissues; |
| 48. Multicellular | organism consisting of more than one cell; cells are specialized to perform different functions. |
| 49. Natural selection | a process occurring in nature by which individuals that are not well adapted to their environment do not survive. Those that are well adapted do survive to reproduce more of their kind and thus, are said to be "selected" over time. |
| 50. Order | the fourth level in the hierarchical scientific naming system. |
| 51. Phylum | the second level in the hierarchical scientific naming system. |
| 52. Plantae | one of the five kingdoms of living things; multicellular organisms that make their own food by photosynthesis |
| 53. Polymorphism | the existence of several distinct forms within the same species. |
| 54. Polyps | the attached form of a cnidarian, with a cylindrical shape and tentacles facing upwards. |
| 55. Porifernas | an animal with no true tissues; the sponges |
| 56. Prokaryotae | one of the five kingdoms of living things; it contains the bacteria and the blue-green algae. |
| 57. Protista | one of the five kingdoms of living things; it contains many unicellular organisms with nuclei. |
| 58. Reptiles | vertebrates, such as snakes, turtles, or crocodiles that have a dry, scaly skin and lay eggs with a protective covering. |
| 59. Rhizomes | underground stem. |
| 60. Roundworms | slender, pointed worms with a two-ended digestive system |
| 61. Segmented worms | worms in the phylum annelida. |
| 62. Sexual dimorphism | a significant difference in the appearance of sexes within a species. |
| 63. Sexual reproduction | a method of producing offspring by combining special reproductive cells(gametes) from two individuals. |
| 64. Species | a kind of organism; organisms that are very similar to one another; they usually reproduce only among themselves. |
| 65. Sponges | simple animals in the phylum Porifera. |
| 66. Spores | tiny reproductive structures of some groups of organisms, such as ferns. |
| 67. Theory of creation | based on the biblical record in Genesis of how all creatures of every kind were created by God in seven days. |
| 68. Traits | a characteristic of a living organism; in the study of inheritance, the term refers to those characteristics inherited from parents. |
| 69. Unicellular | consisting of a single cell. |
| 70. Vascular tissue | a network of conducting vessels that transport water and dissolved minerals in plants. |
| 71. Vertebrates | a member of the largest group of chordate animals, having a bony spinal column protecting the nerve cord. |
