| A | B |
|---|
| 1. Chemical | a substance; any form of matter |
| 2. Properties | characteristics used to help describe or identify substances. |
| 3. State of matter | the forms in which matter can be found: solid, liquid and gas |
| 4. Mechanical mixture | a mixture in which the different parts can be seen. |
| 5. Pure substance | a substance that contains only one kind of matter; elements and compounds are pure substances. |
| 6. Element | a pure substance that cannot be broken down into any simpler substances by chemical means |
| 7. Compound | a pure substance made up of two or more elements combined in a definite proportion. |
| 8. Organic chemistry | the field of chemistry concerned with compounds of carbon. |
| 9. Protein | a type of compound produced by living organisms, consisting of many different elements. |
| 10. Carbohydrate | A type of compound produced by living organisms: it consists of elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
| 11. Particle Theory | a theory stating that all matter is made up of extremely small particles in constant motion. |
| 12. Atomic Theory | the theory that all matter is composed of atoms with a positive nucleus surrounded by negative electrons; atoms may combine to form molecules. |
| 13. Atom | the smallest particle into which an element may be subdivided, and retain the properties of the element. |
| 14. Molecule | a particle formed when two or more atoms combine. |
| 15. Chemical Symbol | symbol for an element, consisting of either a single capital letter or a capital letter followed by a small letter (i.e. Na= sodium) |
| 16. Chemical Formula | The chemical symbols that represent a compound; ex. H20 represents water. |
| 17. Subatomic particles | Particles that make up all atoms- protons, neutrons, and electrons. |
| 18. Proton | the subatomic particle with a positive electric charge, found in the nucleus of the atom. |
| 19. Neutron | a subatomic particle with no electric charge, found in the nucleus of the atom. |
| 20. Electron | a subatomic particle carrying a negative electric charge that is outside the nucleus of the atom |
| 21. Nucleus | of an atom; the dense central core, consisting of protons and neutrons. |
| 22. Chemical Change | A change in which one or more new substances are produced with properties different from those of the starting substances. |
| 23. Physical Change | A change in matter in which no new type of matter is produced: for example, freezing, melting, boiling. |
| 24. Chemical Reaction | Any chemical change; ex. Rusting, burning. |
| 25. Reactant | Any substance used up in a chemical reaction. |
| 26. Product | any substance produced in a chemical reaction. |
| 27. Chemical Test | A distinctive chemical reaction that allows you to positively identify an unknown substance; for example, oxygen causes a glowing splint to burst into flame. |
| 28. Combustion | A chemical reaction in which oxygen is one of the reactants and which occurs rapidly enough to produce heat and light. |
| 29. Electrical Energy | The energy of electrically charged particles. |
| 30. Gravitational Energy | The potential energy possessed by an object because of its position. |
| 31. Elastic Energy | A form of potential energy stored in compressed or stretched objects. |
| 32. Light energy | the form of electromagnetic energy that is visible to the human eye. |
| 33. Mechanical Energy | The energy possessed by any system with moving parts. |
| 34. Sound Energy | The energy of vibrations that we hear as sound. |
| 35. Potential Energy | energy that is stored. |
| 36. Chemical Energy | Potential energy stored in chemical compounds. |
| 37. Exothermic reactions | a chemical reaction in which energy is released to the surroundings. |
| 38. Endothermic reactions: | a chemical reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings. |
| 39. Acid | a type of compound that, when dissolved in water, produces a solution with a pH lower than 7. |
| 40. Base | A type of compound that, when dissolved in water, produces a solution with a pH higher than 7. |
| 41. Neutral | a substance that is neither an acid nor a base. |
| 42. Indicator | A substance used to detect the presence of another substance. (ex. Iodine- starch) |
| 43. Universal indicator | a mixture of several acid-base indicators. |
| 44. Neutralization | a reaction between an acid and a base. |
| 45. Antacid | a substance containing a mild base, used by some people to neutralize stomach acid. |
