| A | B |
|---|
| Process by which molecules spread from an area of greater concentration to a lesser concentration | diffusion |
| The difference in concentrations of a substance across a space | concentration gradient |
| Occurs when the concentration of the molecules of a substance is the same throughout a space | equilibrium |
| A membrane that lets anything across | permeable membrane |
| A membrane that only allows certain things to cross | semi- permeable |
| What determines how much crosses a membrane? | size & type of molecule , type of membrane |
| Process by which water molecules diffuse through a membrane from greater to lesser concentration | osmosis |
| What does the direction of osmosis depend on? | concentration of water & solutes dissolved in the solutions |
| A condition when the concentration of solute is lower outside than inside a cell | hypotonic |
| Condition when the concentration of solute molecules is higher outside than inside a cell | hypertonic |
| Condition when the concentration is equal outside & inside a cell | isotonic |
| The pressure inside a cell caused by water diffusing into it & filling it up | turgor pressure |
| Occurs when a plant loses it's water & wilts | plasmolysis |
| Occurs when cells take in too much water & burst | cytolysis |
| Organelles that remove water | contractile vacuole |
| Type of transport in which substances move across a membrane without requiring energy | passive transport |
| What are 2 types of passive transport | osmosis & diffusion |
| What are 2 types of carrier transport | facilitated diffusion & active transport |
| Type of transport in which a carrier molecule carries a solute molecule through a membrane w/o using energy | facilitated diffusion |
| Is facilitated diffusion active or passive? | passive |
| The movement of a substance across a membrane using enery | active transport |
| A chemical mechanism that moves Na+ out of the cell,a nd K+ ions into the cell | sodium - potassium pump |
| Why does active transport require energy? | goes the gradientq |
| A protein controlled passage that allows the cell membrane to be permeable as needed | gated channels |
| Process by which cells engulf large molecules that can't pass through the membrane | endocytosis |
| Process by which cells release molecules that are too large to pass through the membrane | exocytosis |
| A pouch formed by part of the cell that encloses a molecule too large to pass through the membrane | vesicle |
| Are gated channels active or passive? | passive |
