| A | B |
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| Define taxonomy. | The field of biology that deals with classifying organisms. |
| Why are scientific names used in classification instead of common names? | Common names differ from place to place and create confusion. |
| Define taxon. | A category into which related organisms are placed. |
| Why is Latin useful for classification? | It was the language of highly educated people at the time the system was developed. It is also a dead language so meanings do not change. |
| Who was Carolus Linneaus? | The "father of modern taxonomy." He developed the system of binomial nomenclature. |
| List the 7 levels of classification from the broadest to the most specific. | Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species |
| Define Binomial Nomenclature. | A method of naming organisms according to their genus and species names. |
| In Binomial Nomenclature, do you capitalize the genus or the species name? | Genus |
| Which kingdom contains only prokaryotes? | Monera |
| What is the kingdom created for bacteria? | Monera |
| Which kingdom is sometimes called the "catch-all" kingdom? | Protista |
| What kingdom contains animals like the amoeba? | Protista |
| Which kingdoms contain eukaryotes? | All except Monera |
| Which kingdom consists of mainly decomposers or parasites? | Fungi |
| Which kingdom contains organisms which have a cell wall that contains chitin? | Fungi |
| Which kingdom contains mold, mildews and mushrooms? | Fungi |
| Which kingdom contains multicellular autotrophs? | Plantae |
| Which kingdom contains multicellular heterotrophs with no cell walls? | Animalia |
| Which kingdom contains organisms that have cell walls composed of cellulose? | Plantae |
| What is a phylogenetic tree? | A diagram like a family tree that shows relationships among taxa. |
| What is a dichotomous key? | a tool used for identifying unfamiliar organisms |
| How many choices are there on each level of a true dichotomous key? | two |
| Who created the first known biological classification system? | Aristotle |
| What kingdoms did Aristotle identify? | Plants and Animals |
| How did Aristotle classify Plants? | by structure |
| How did Aristotle classify Animals? | by habitat |
| In binomial nomenclature, what part of speech is the genus name? | noun |
| In binomial nomenclature, what part of speech is the species name? | adjective |
| When determining whether two organisms are closely related, what part of their names should be the same? | Two organisms with the same genus name would be most closely related. |
| What does heterotrophic mean? | The organism must get it's nutrients from sources outside of its own body. |
| What does autotrophic mean? | The organism can produce its own food (usually through photosynthesis). |
| What does unicellular mean? | one-celled |
| What is a prokaryote? | an organism with no true nucleus |
| What is a eukaryote? | An organism that has a membrane-bound nucleus |
| What are the 5 kingdoms? | Monera, Fungi, Protista, Plantae, Animalia |
| If someone asks you which organisms are most similar given their scientific names, how do you tell? | Look for the organisms with the same "noun" or 1st name. |
| Do two organisms that are in the same phylum have to be in the same order? | no |
| Do two organisms that are in the same genus have to be in the same family? | yes |
| What term is used in place of phylum when classifying plants? | division |
| Into what classification group, smaller than species, are bacteria sometimes classified? | strains |
