| A | B |
|---|
| Characteristic Properties | properties for a substance that never changes and can be us to identify an unknown substance. |
| Matter can be classified as what | a solid, liquid,gas or plasma |
| examples of physical properties | hardness, texture, shape, temperature, flammability, size, color |
| boiling point of h2o | the temperature at which a liquid boils. h2o equals 100 degrees |
| melting point of h20 | the temperature at which a solid melts. Melting point of h20 equals 0 degrees |
| what alters the form of a substance but not the chemical composition of a substance. | physical changes |
| what alters the substance and changes it into a new substance with new characteristic properties, examples burning wood into ashes | Chemical change |
| chemical properties | properties of a substance that describe how a certain kind of matter reacts in the presence of other substances. ie. Does the substance react to air, water or heat |
| the two general catergories of matter | mixtures and pure substances |
| Pure substances include | elements and compounds |
| mixtures | two or more substances that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined. |
| solution | a mixture that is the best mixed of all solutions. Blended so well together that they"appear" to be a single substance but are not |
| pure substance | made of only one kind of matter and has definite properties. Examples sugar, salt, iron, aluminum, copper |
| elements | pure substances that cannot be broken down into other substance by any chemical means |
| compounds | a pure substance formed from chemical combinations of two or more different elements Examples, water (H2O), Carbon dioxide (CO2) |
| About 100 different elements make up | all the matter in the universe (is made from) |
| anything that has voume and mass is called | matter |
| matter can fit into 2 main groups | mixtures and pure substances |
| how do you describe matter | 1.) by its physical properties (you use your senses 2.) its characteristic properties (helps identify a substance (for example melting and boiling point) 3.) chemical properties (how does it react with heat, water and air) |
| homogeneous | the mixture looks the same throughout because their components are uniformily mixed together; same throughout, a solution example, sprite, coke, dye, water, saltwater |
| heterogeneous | the parts are still visible; different substances are visible (example, popcorn, rocks, sand, italian dressing, oil and vinegar |
| Pure substances | can be grouped as an element or a compound |
| elements | can't be broken down into other substance by chemical means (example, silver, gold, carbon, lead, hydrogen |
| compounds | two or more different elements combined example, sugar, water h2o |
| element | matter made of one kind of atom |
| molecule | atoms joined in a chemical reaction |
| atoms | protons, neutrons, electrons |
| compound | a pure substance formed from the combination of two or more different elements |
| molecule | the smallest particle of a compound |
| a state of matter where atoms are stripped of their electrons | plasma |
| qualities that can be used to classify objects or substances | properties |
| the boiling point and melting point of s substance can be used to | indicate the identity of a substance |
| examples of characteristic properties of matter | boiling point, melting point and density |
| mixtures can be seperated by | filtration or evaporation |
| In a mixture the individual substances | keep their separate properties |
| Mixtures can be classified by | how well they are mixed |
| Homogeneous mixtures are also called | solutions |
| a kind of atom that is the building block of matter | an element |
| two important types of compounds | acids and bases |
