| A | B |
|---|
| A period of rest required by some seeds | dormancy |
| beginning of growth | germination |
| ability of seeds to germinate | viability |
| germination in which the cotyledons rise above the soil surface | epigean |
| germination in which the cotyledons do not rise above the soil surface | hypogean |
| most dicots exhibit this type of germination | epigean |
| most monocots exhibit this type of germination | hypogean |
| natural: freezing, animal digestion, abrasion; artificial: scratching seed coat; soaking in acid | stratification |
| uptake of water by a seed | imbibe |
| hormone that inhibits seed growth | abscisic acid |
| process that requires oxygen to produce energy for growth | respiration |
| first part of the embryo that emerges from the seed | hypocotyl |
| type of plant whose epicotyl forms an arch | dicot |
| purpose of the "arch" in some seedlings | strength/protection |
| leaf sheath | coleoptile |
| type of plant whose epicotyl forms a leaf sheath | monocot |
| fate of dicot cotyledon | shrivel/die |
| purpose of hypocotyl emergence | 1. provide nutrients to seedling 2. anchor |
| conditions necessary for germination | 1. oxygen 2. water 3. light/no light 4. temperature |
