| A | B |
|---|
| electronegativity | Attraction of an atom for the shared electrons |
| valence electrons | Electrons in an incomplete highest energy level. |
| chemical bonds | The linkage between atoms produced by sharing or transfer of electrons |
| ionic bonds | Bonds resulting from electron transfer |
| covalent bonds | The bonds resulting from the sharing of electrons. |
| kernel | The remainder of the atom except the valence electrons |
| chemical formula | Shorthand for representing composition of substance using symbols. |
| Empirical formula | Chemical formula with simplest whole number ratio. |
| Reduction | A chemical reaction in which an element attains a more (-) oxidation number. |
| Oxidation | A chemical reaction in which an element obtains a more (+) oxidation number. |
| Oxidation number | A signed number which indicates an ion its oxidation state. |
| Anions | (-) ions. |
| Cations | (+) ions. |
| Molecule | Smallest chemical unit of a substance that is capable of stabel independent existence. |
| Diatomic molecules | Molecule made up of 2 atoms. |
| Molecular formula | Chemical formula that indicates actual formula for molecule. |
| Polar covalent bond | Covalent bond in which there is an unequal attraction for the shared electrons. |
| Nonpolar covalent bond | Covalent bond in which the electrons are shared equally. |
| Bond energy | Energy to break covalent bonds |
| Triple covalent bond | Covalent bond involving 3 pairs of electrons. |
| Monatomic | Consisting of 1 atom. |
| Polyatomic ion | Ion made up of 2 or more atoms. |
| Structural Formula | Chemical formula that indicates the kind, number, arrangement and bonds of atoms in molecule. |
| Oxidizing agent | Substance that is reduced in an oxidation-reduction reaction. |
| Reducing agent | Substance that is oxidized in an oxidation-reduction reaction. |
| Hydrogen bond | Weak intermolecular bond between hydrogen atom in polar molecule with very electronegative atom |
| Dipole | polar molecule, one end is positive and the other end is negative |
| Metallic bonds | Sea of electrons |
| Conductivity | Transfers heat and electricity due to free motion of electrons |
| Malleability | Able to shape and bend |
| Ductile | Able to pull into wires |
| Lustrous | Reflect light - electrons absorb and reemit light of any wavelength |
| Law of Electrostatics | Like charges repel and unlike charges attract |
