| A | B |
|---|
| cartographer | map maker |
| line of demarcation | from North Pole to South Pole, with this the pope divided world between Spain and Portugal |
| circumnavigation | circling the earth by ship |
| triangular trade | a route that carried sugar to Europe, manufactured goods to Africa, slaves to West Indies |
| Joint-stock company | investors share profits and reduce risks |
| entrepeneur | person who combined money, ideas, raw materials and labor to make goods and profits |
| mercantilism | economic theory claimina a nations power depended on its wealth |
| bullion | gold and silver |
| balance of trade | how much a nation imports compared to how much it exports |
| balance of power | system in which nations keep peace by maintaining a power that is equal to rival nations |
| Spanish Armada | Spanish fleet sent to defeat England in 1588 |
| Philip II of Spain | Spanish Hapsburg who fought to uphold Catholicism |
| Henry VIII of England | Broke away from the Catholic church to secure a divorce |
| Mary I of England | married Philip II, restored Catholicism to England and fought with France |
| Elizabeth I of England | regulated lives of common people, built a navy, practiced balance of power, encouraged writers of poetry and plays |
| James I of England | King of Scotland who founded England's Stuart dynasty |
| Henry IV of France | founded Bourbon dynasty and issued the Edict of Nantes |
| Edict of Nantes | granted Huguenots the same civil rights as Catholics in France |
| Richelieu | French cardinal who helped Louis XIII build a strong monarchy |
| Huguenots | French Protestants protected by the Edict of Nantes |
| Louis XIV of France | became model of absolute ruler, weakened nobility, repealed Edict of Nantes, fought War of the Spanish Succession |
| Versailles | palace-court of Louis XIV located outside of Paris |
