| A | B |
|---|
| Diaphragm | The diaphragm is a soft flexible rubber cup shaped like a dome that is inserted into the vagina |
| Diaphragm | blocks access to the cervix so that sperm cannot pass from the vagina into the uterus |
| Diaphragm | must be covered on both sides and especially around its rim with spermicidal jelly, cream, or foam. |
| Diaphragm | they are thought to have over an 82% success rate |
| Female Condom | can be put in up to 8 hours before intercourse |
| Female Condom | It is essentially a vaginal pouch made of soft polyurethane (a type of plastic) with two rings at either end |
| Female Condom | should never be used when the man is also wearing a condom |
| Female Condom | Its estimated effectiveness is 79% (21 pregnancies/100 women per year) |
| Female Condom | The female condom can be purchased over-the counter (OTC) without a prescription |
| Female Condom | The main disadvantage is that it is not as effective as the male latex condom in preventing pregnancy |
| Contraceptive Sponge | is a doughnut shaped sponge. It is made of polyurethane foam and is impregnated with the spermicide Nonoxynol-9 |
| Contraceptive Sponge | must remain in the vagina for at least 6 hours after intercourse |
| Contraceptive Sponge | The estimated effectivenessas a contraceptive is 64 to 82% |
| Spermicides | come in a wide variety of forms, including jellies, creams, foams, films, and suppositories |
| Nonoxynol-9 | This is a detergent-like chemical that kills sperm |
| 70 to 90% | effectiveness of spermicides in preventing pregnancy varies from |
| Spermicides | may be only partially protective against certain organisms that cause sexually transmitted infections, including chlamydia and gonorrhea |
| Spermicides | They also do not protect against the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) |
| Cervical Cap | is a small (1-1/2 inches or about 3 cm.), thimble-shaped dome made of latex rubberand it fits right over the cervix |
| Cervical Cap | fresh spermicidal jelly or foam does not need to be added each time intercourse is repeated as long as it is correctly positioned over the cervix. |
| Cervical Cap & Diaphragm | A woman must see a health care professional to determine the correct size and to ensure that she understands the proper insertion technique |
| Cervical Cap | can be difficult to insert, but is handy for women who cannot use a diaphragm because of poor muscle tone |
| Depo-Provera | must be injected by a health care professional every 3 months (12 weeks) |
| Depo-Provera | cessation of menstrual periods, and weight gain |
| Depo-Provera | risk factors associated with the development of osteoporosis by decreasing the amount of calcium stored in the body |
| Lunelle | is the other injectable birth control option. It is a combination of estrogen and progesterone |
| Depo-Provera & Lunelle | 99% effective if the injections are received according to the correct schedule |
| Depo-Provera & Lunelle | Neither protects against sexually transmitted infections |
| Vaginal Ring (Nuvaring) | A ring-shaped device that contains the female hormone estradiol can be placed in the vagina |
| Vaginal Ring | It remains in place for 3 weeks continuously, then it is removed for 1 week to allow for a menstrual period |
| IUD's | Intrauterine devices (IUDs) come in two different types: |
| ParaGard | This device is made of copper and it prevents the sperm from reaching the egg |
| IUS | Intrauterine system |
| Mirena | releases the hormone progesterone from the vertical part of the T |
| Mirena | is replaced every 3-5 years |
| ParaGard | only needs replacing every 10 to12 years |
| Contraceptive Patch | This method is called a transdermal (through the skin) delivery system |
| Contraceptive Patch | is about the size of a half-dollar and can be worn on the arm, abdomen or buttocks |
| Contraceptive Patch | could be a problem for those women who sweat a lot and/or take frequent showers because moisture can interfere |
| The Pill | contains the hormones estrogen and progestin, a form of progesterone |
| The Minipill | only contains one hormone, progestin |
| The Minipill | Progestin thickens the cervical mucus, making it more difficult for sperm to pass through the cervix |
| The Minipill | There are no "on" or "off" days |
| The Pill | comes in 21-day packs or 28-day packs depending on the manufacturer |
| The Pill | the eggs in her ovaries do not mature and she does not ovulate |
| the morning after pill | Emergency hormonal contraception is sometimes called |
| the morning after pill | a woman should receive medical attention within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse |
| the morning after pill | may cause nausea in 30 to 50% and vomiting in 15 to 20% of women |
| Male Condom | is a thin sheath that is worn over the man's penis during sexual intercourse |
| 87 to 90% or 10 to 13 pregnancies/100 women per year | The estimated effectiveness of the latex condom is |
| Male Condom | have a shelf life of about five years if stored unopened in a cool, dry place |
| Oil-based products | Vaseline, vaginal creams, or mineral oil, may damage the condom and should never be used |
| Abstinence | refraining from all vaginal, anal and oral sexual activity because sexually transmitted infections can be passed from one person to another in any and all of these ways |
| Abstinence | is essentially 100% effective in preventing pregnancy |
