| A | B |
|---|
| a, ab, abs + abl | + abl, from, by, away from//at, in, on//in respect to, after |
| ac, atque | and, also, as, than |
| accipio | -ere, -cepi, -ceptus, receive, accept, learn, hear, conceive, take, experience, suffer, learn |
| Acestes | -ae, m., king in Sicily |
| acer | acris, acre, keen, sharp, piercing, fierce |
| ad | + acc., to, against, toward, at near, about, for the purpose of |
| adsum | -esse, -fui, be present, assist + dative |
| Aeneas | -ae / acc. = -an, m., Aeneas |
| aequor | -oris, n., sea, waves, surface of the sea, flat plain |
| addo | addere, addidi, additus, add, give to |
| agmen | agminis, n., army line, line, troop, course |
| ago | agere, egi, actus, lead, drive, do, treat, pass, conduct |
| aio | ais, ait, aiunt, say, speak, assert |
| alius | alia, aliud, other, another, else |
| altus | alta, altum, high, lofty, deep |
| amor | amoris, m., love, desire, passion |
| Anchises | -ae (acc. = en), m., Anchises, father of Aeneas |
| anima | -ae, f., breath, life, soul, shade |
| animus | animi, m., soul, spirit, breath, courage, anger, pride |
| ante | prep. + acc. = before/ adv. = sooner, previously |
| antiquus | -a, -um, ancient, old |
| ara | -ae, f., altar |
| ardeo | ardere, arsi, arsus, burn, be eager |
| arma | -orum, n.pl.,arms, weapons, war,battle, equipment, tools |
| arvum | arvi, n., plowed land, field, region |
| arx | arcis, f., citadel, fort, height, hill |
| at, ast | but, yet, however |
| ater | atra, atrum, black, gloomy |
| atque, ac | and, also |
| audio | audire, audivi, auditus, hear, hearken |
| aura | aurae, f., breeze, air |
| aurum | auri, n., gold |
| aut | or, either |
| aut . . . aut | either . . . or |
| bellum | belli, n,, war, combat, fight |
| caelum | caeli, n., sky, heaven |
| campus | -i, m., plain, field |
| capio | capere, cepi, captus, take, seize, catch, capture, trick |
| caput | -itis, n., head, summit, life |
| casus | -us, m., chance, misfortune |
| cerno | cernere, crevi, cretus, discern, perceive, understand |
| circum | + acc. around, about, at, near |
| clamor | -oris, m., shout, roar, applause |
| classis | -is, f., fleet, ship |
| comes | -itis, m/f, comrade, follower |
| coniunx | -iugis, m/f, spouse, husband, wife |
| corpus | corporis, n., body, corpse |
| cum (conjunction) | when, while, since, although, as, after, as soon as, whenever, because |
| cum (preposition) | + abl., with, together with |
| cunctus | -a, -um, all, whole, entire |
| cura | -ae, f., care, anxiety, grief, love |
| cursus | -us, m., course, running |
| abeo | -ire, -ii (ivi), -iturus, go away, depart |
| aequo | -are,-avi,-atus,, make level, make equal, match |
| aether | aetheris ( acc. = aethera), m., upper air, ether, sky |
| affor = adfor | adfari, adfatus sum, address, speak to |
| agnosco | agnoscere, agnovi, agnitus, recognize, understand |
| ala | -ae, f., wing ( of bird & of army) |
| aliquis | -quid, someone, something |
| alter | altera, alterum, the second (of 2), the other (of 2), another |
| amicus | -a, -um, friendly, favorable, well-disposed |
| amitto | -mittere, -misi, -missus, lose, send away |
| amo | -are,-avi,-atus, love |
| an | (conjunction) or |
| an . . . an | either . . . or |
| annus | -i, m., year |
| antrum | -i, n., cave |
| aperio | -ire, aperui, apertus, open, open up, uncover |
| arbor | arboris, f., tree |
| arduus | -a, -um, steep, towering, arduous |
| ars | artis, f., skill, art |
| artus | -us, m., joint, limb |
| asper | aspera, asperum, rough, harsh, savage |
| aspicio | aspicere, aspexi, aspectus, look at, behold |
| asto | -stare, -stiti, stand by or near |
| astrum | -i, n., star, constellation |
| attollo | attollere, lift up, raise, elevate |
| audeo | audere, ausus sum, dare |
| aureus | -a, -um, golden, of gold |
| auris | auris, f., ear |
| auster | austri, m., south wind, south |
| autem | (conjunction) however, but, moreover |
| auxilium | -i, n., help, support, assistance |
| averto | avertere, averti, aversus, turn from, turn away, divert |
| bis | (adverb) 2X, twice |
| cado | cadere, cecidi, casurus, fall, die |
| caecus | -a, -um, blind, unseeing |
| cano | canere, cecini, cantus, sing (of), chant |
| carina | -ae, f., keel, hull / by synecdoche, ship |
| carus | -a, -um, dear |
| causa | -ae, f., reason, cause, motive, situation / (legal) case |
| cavus | -a, -um, hollow |
| cedo | cedere, cessi, cessurus, yield, cede |
| celer | celeris, celere, swift |
| celsus | -a, -um, high, lofty |
| centum | 100 |
| certamen | certaminis, n., contest |
| certus | -a, -um, certain, sure, settled |
| a tergo | in the rear |
| ab milibus passuum duobus | two miles away |
| accido | accidere, accidi, fall to, befall, happen, occur |
| ad | (+ acc.) with numbers = up to about / time = up to, until, at, on/ according to, among |
| adventus | -us, m., arrival, approach |
| ager | agri, m., field, district, territory |
| alter . . . alter | the one . . . the other/ (pl) some . . . others |
| Ambiorix | -igis, m., Ambiorix, king of Eburones |
| apud | (+acc) at, among, near, with, at the house of, in the presence of, in the writings of |
| arbitror | -ari, -atus sum, decide, think, believe |
| Belgae | -arum, m., the Belgae |
| Britannia | -ae, f., Britannia |
| Caesar | Caesaris, m., Caesar |
| castra | -orum., n.pl, m., camp |
| collem capere | take a position on a hill |
| fugam capere | take to flight |
| castra ponere or facere | pitch camp |
| castra amovere | break camp |
| causam dicere | plead a case |
| celeritas | -tatis, f., speed, swiftness |
| certiorem facere | with acc.+inf. =inform//with ut ot ne + subj. = order |
| certior fieri | be informed |
| Cicero | Ciceronis, m., Cicero (Quintus) |
| circiter | (adv) about, around, near |
| circumvenio | -venire, -veni, -ventus, surround, cut off, beset, betray |
| civitas | -tatis, f., citizenship, state |
| coepi | coepisse, began, undertook/ coeptus = begun |
| cognosco | -noscere, -novi, -nitum, learn, study// perf. = know |
| cogo | cogere, coegi, coactus, collect, assemble, force, compel |
| cohors | cohortis, f., cohort |
| colloco | -are, -avi, -atus, place, set, station, arrange |
| colloquor | -loqui,-locutus sum, speak with, have a conference |
| communis | -e, common, general |
| res communis | the common interest |
| consilium | -i, n., deliberation, counsel, advice, plan, course of action, judgement, wisdon, council (of war) |
| communi consilio (abl) | by or in accordance with general action |
| publico consilio (abl) | by action of the state |
| consilium capere or inire | form or adopt a plan |
| consilium habere | think, consider |
| constituo | -stituere, -stitui, -stitutum, set up, construct, appoint, decide, decree, establish, draw up (of troops in formation), anchor (ships), raise (a legion) |
| consuesco | -suescere, -suevi, -suetum, become used to // perf. = be accustomed |
| consuetus | -a, -um, accustomed, usual |
| contineo | -tinere, -tinui, -tentum, hold, keep, restrain, bound, shut up, contain |
| se continere | ( + abl.) remain in, on or within |
| controversia | -ae, f., dispute, argument |
| convenio | -venire, -veni, -ventus, come together, assemble, meet, arrive, be agreed upon// convenit (impersonal) = be convenient, suitable, or necessary |
| copia | -ae, f., supply, plenty, number // pl. = resources, forces, troops |
| cum . . . tum | not only, . . . but also ; both . . . and |
| cum primum | as soon as |
| accido | accidere, accidi, fall to or upon, befall, happen, fall to the lot of, occur |
| arbitror | arbitari, arbitratus sum, think, decide, believe |
| Cotta | -ae, m., Lucius Aurunculeius Cotta, one of Caesar's lieutenants |
| absum | abesse, afui, be away, be absent / be lacking or free from |
| Aduatuci | -orum, m.pl., the Aduatuci, a people in Belgic Gaul |
| animadverto | -vertere, -verti, -versum, turn the mind to, notice |
| barbarus | -a, -um, foreign, uncivilized |
| celeriter | (Adv.) quickly, rapidly, speedily |
| cohortor | -hortari, -hortatus sum, encourage greatly, cheer, animate |
| conicio | -icere, -ieci, -iectum, hurl, throw, cast, put, put together |
| compleo | -plere, -plevi, -pletum, fill up, fill completely, complete, cover |
| complures | -a (adj), several, many |
| comprehendo | -prehendere, -prehendi, -prehensum, grasp or lay hold of, seize, catch, arrest, take |
| confirmo | -are, -avi, -atus, establish, strengthen, encourage, declare, assert |
| conor | conari, conatus sum, try, attempt, endeavor |
| consisto | -sistere, -stiti, take a stand or position, keep one's position, stand, stop, halt / (of ships) to lie at anchor |
| consuetudo | consuetudinis, f., habit, custom, practice, mode of life |
| Crassus | Crassi, m., Marcus Licinius Crassus, one of the First Triumvirate |
| amicitia | -ae, f., friendship |
| calamitas | calamitatis, f., disaster,misfortune |
| adventus | -us, m., arrival |
| concilium | -i., n., meeting, rendezvous |
| conspicio | conspicere, conspexi, conspectus, behold, see |
| ascendo | ascendere, ascendi, ascensus, climb, mount |
| appello | -are, -avi, -atus, name, call |
| causā | (abl. with preceding genitive) for the sake of |
| adversus | -a, -um, opposite, turned toward, facing |
| cor | cordis, n, heart, spirit, feelings |
| credo | credere, credidi, creditus (+ dat.) believe, trust, confide in |
| crudelis | crudele, cruel, crude, unfeeling |
| consuevi | -isse, consuetum, perfect of consuesco, with present force, ‘to be accustomed’ |
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