| A | B |
|---|
| BUN | blood urea nitrogen |
| BNO | bladder neck obstruction |
| cysto | cystoscopic examination |
| DRE | digital rectal examination |
| ESWL | extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy |
| IVP | intravenous pyelogram |
| IVU | intravenous urography |
| KUB | kidney, ureter, bladder |
| PSA | prostate-specific antigen |
| RP | retrograde pyelography |
| TURP | transurethral resection of the prostate |
| UA | urinalysis |
| US | ultrasonography, ultrasound |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| VCUG | voiding cystourethrogram, voiding cystourethrography |
| azoturia | increase of nitrogenous substances, especially urea, in urine. |
| diuresis | increased formation and secretion of urine. |
| dysuria | painful or difficult urination, symptomatic of cystitis and other urinary tract conditions. |
| end-stage renal disease | final stage of a kidney disease process; disease has advanced to the point that the kidneys can no longer filter the blood adequately. |
| enuresis | involuntary discharge of urine after the age by which bladder control should have been established. |
| hypospadias | abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis. |
| interstitial nephritis | nephritis associated with pathological changes in the renal interstitial tissue that may be primary or due to a toxic agent, such as a drug or chemical. the end result is that the nephrons are destroyed and renal function is seriously impaired. |
| renal hypertension | high blood pressure that results from kidney disease. |
| uremia | elevated level of urea and other nitrogenous waste products in the blood, as occurs in renal failure; also called azotemia. |
| Wilms tumor | malignant neoplasm of the kidney occurring in young children, usually before age 5 years. the most frequent early signs are hypertension, a palpable mass, pain, and hematuria. |
| cystoscopy | visual examination of the urinary tract by means of a cystoscope inserted into the urethra. |
| glomerulosclerosis | hardening or scarring within the glomeruli. |
| meatus | opening or tunnel through any part of the body, such as external opening of the urethra. |
| nephroma | tumor of the kidney. |
| renal | pertaining to the kidney. |
| pyeloplasty | repair of the renal pelvis. |
| uremia | excessive urea and other nitrogenous waste products in the blood; also called azotemia. |
| urinary | pertains to urine or formation of urine. |
| ureterostenosis | narrowing or stricture of a ureter. |
| urethrocele | hernial protrusion of the urethra. |
| azotemia | excessive amounts of nitrogenous compounds in the blood. |
| lithiasis | abnormal condition or presence of stones or calculi. |
| dialysis | process of removing toxic materials from the blood when the kidneys are unable to do so. |
| nephropathy | any disorder of the kidneys, including inflammatory, degenerative, and sclerotic conditions. |
| nephropexy | surgical procedure to fixate a floating kidney. |
| nephroptosis | downward displacement of dropping of a kidney. |
| lithotripsy | crushing of a stone in the bladder or urethra. |
| polyuria | excessive urination. |
| blood urea nitrogen | laboratory test that measures the amount of urea (nitrogenous waste product) normally excreted by the kidneys into the blood. an increase in the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level may indicate impaired kidney function. |
| computed tomography (CT) scan | radiographic technique that uses a narrow beam of x-rays, which rotates in a full arc around the patient to image the body in cross-sectional slices. a scanner and detector send the images to a computer, which consolidates all of the data it recieves from the multiple x-ray views. |
| intravenous pyelogram | radiographic procedure in which a contrast medium is injected intravenously and serial x-ray films are taken to provide visualization of and important information about the entire urinary tract: kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra; also called intravenous urography (IVU) or excratory urogram or IVP. |
| KUB | term used in a radiographic examination to determine the location, size, shape, and malformation of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. stones and calcified ares may be detected. |
