| A | B |
|---|
| imperialism | This is the domination by one country of the political, economic, and cultural life of another country or region. |
| Social Darwinism | European argued that they were superior to all others, and imperial conquest and destruction of weaker races were simply nature's way of improving the human species. |
| quinine | This new medicine helped Europeans survive the deadly tropical disease, Malaria. |
| protectorate | In this type of rule, local rulers were left in place, but were expected to follow the advice of European advisors on issues such as trade or missionary activity. |
| sphere of influence | This is an area in which an outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading privileges. |
| jihad | A holy struggle to revive and purify Islam. |
| missionaries | They followed the explorers all across Africa where they sought to win people to Christianity. |
| David Livingstone | For 30 years he crisscrossed Africa. He wrote about the many peoples he met with more sympathy and less bias than did most Europeans. |
| Berlin Conference | The Europeans power met in 1884 to carve out their claims to the entire continent of Africa. |
| Menelik II | This leader of the African country of Ethiopia began to modernize his country and was successful in preserving its independence from European rule. |
| sati | This Hindu tradition was practiced mainly by the upper classes whereupon the widow was called to follow her husband in death by throwing herself on his funeral fire. |
| sepoy | The Indian soldiers in service of the East India Company. They would be stationed anywhere, either in India or overseas. |
| tea | This became the favorite of the British and would be imported from India and China as a cash crop. |
| Sepoy Rebellion | This left a bitter legacy of fear, hatred, and mistrust between the British and Indians after this event. As a result, the British began ruling India directly. |
| viceroy | A British official in India who ruled in the name of the queen. |
| "brightest jewel" | India was referred to by this name in regards to its value to the British empire. |
| Suez Canal | Opened in 1869, this helped British trade with India soar by cutting down on what had been a long travel distance around the horn of Africa. |
| cash crops | Cotton, tea, and jute are examples of this. These items could not be grown in Britain and were available when grown in India. |
| famines | When people die from a lack of food on a massive scale. |
| Indian National Congress | The political party of the native Indians who believed in peaceful protest to gain ends against their British rulers. |
