| A | B |
|---|
| gallbladder | a small, baglike organ that stores bile |
| villi | fingerlike projections sticking out of the walls of the intestines increasing the surface area improving the body's ability to absorb nutrients |
| digestive tract | a series of tube-like organs that are joined end to end |
| large intestine | absorbs extra water from undigested materials |
| feces | waste product that has been formed into a soft, solid mass |
| enzymes | special substances that break down some nutrients into smaller particles that the body can use. |
| enamel | the outermost layer of a tooth; the hardest material in the body. |
| molars | teeth for grinding food |
| premolars | teeth for mashing food |
| incisors | teeth for shredding food |
| canines | teeth for shredding food |
| saliva | liquid from the salivary glands; begins chemical digestion of carbohydrates |
| peristalsis | rhythmic muscle contractions that forces food into the stomach. |
| chyme | soupy mixture in the stomach |
| stool | undigested material in the large intestine that has been changed from a soupy liquid into a solid mass |
| bile | green liquid used in digestion of fat |
| rectum | the last section of the large intestine |
| anus | the opening at the end of the large intestine |
| sphincters | bands of muscles at either end of the stomach |
| constipation | a condition in which the contents of the large intestine are dry causing bowel movements to be difficult and less frequent |
| diarrhea | a condition in which bowel movements are frequent and watery |
| colon cancer | uncontrolled growth of colon cells causing a tumor to form |
| gastric ulcer | an open sore in the stomach lining |
| digestive system | main parts are mouth, esophagus, liver, stomach, pancreas, gall bladder, intestines |
| esophagus | a long, straight tube that connects the mouth and throat to the stomach. |
| stomach | a muscular, baglike organ of the digestive tract; attached to the lower end of the esophagus. |
| small intestine | a muscular tube about 6 m long; the site of most chemical digestion. |
| mechanical digestion | physical breaking down of large pieces of food into smaller pieces |
| chemical digestion | process by which large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules |
| saliva | – liquid from the salivary glands; begins chemical digestion of carbohydrates |
| peristalsis | a series of muscular contractions that pushes material through the digestive system |
| pancreas | an organ between the stomach and small intestine that produces enzymes for chemical digestion. |
| liver | a large, reddish organ that produces bile and stores nutrients |
| duodenum | the first portion of the small intestine; connects the stomach and the small intestine |
| epiglottis | small flap of tissue that covers the windpipe (trachea) when you swallow |
