| A | B |
| symbol | represents something else |
| simile | comparison using like or as |
| metaphor | comparison without using like or as |
| personification | giving human qualities to nonhuman things |
| hyperbole | exaggeration |
| alliteration | repetition of beginning sounds |
| assonance | repetition of vowel sounds |
| consonance | repetition of consonant sounds at ends of words or stressed syllables |
| onomatopoeia | makes sound it defines |
| end rhyme | rhymes repeated at ends of lines |
| internal rhyme | rhymes repeated within a line of poetry |
| scansion | marking the accented syllables |
| iamb | unaccented syllable followed by accented one |
| pentameter | five metrical feet |
| rhythm | the pattern of accented syllables |
| idiom | expression that cannot be translated word for word |
| couplet | two rhyming lines |
| quatrain | four rhyming lines |
| cinquain | five rhyming lines |
| tercet or triplet | three rhyming lines |
| drama | play |
| setting | when and where a story takes place |
| climax | the high point or turning point |
| character | people in a story |
| denouement | that which happens after the climax |
| rising action | building toward the climasx |
| flashback | interruption in a story to show an earlier time |
| foreshadowing | hints of what is to happen in a story |
| sonnet | fourteen line poem |
| epic | long narrative poem with a hero |
| elegy | mournful poem |
| aphorism | concise saying with a moral |
| epigram | wise, humorous saying |
| autobiography | story written about the author |
| biography | story about someone's life |