| A | B |
|---|
| chromosomes | short, coiled form of DNA |
| chromatin | long, thin strands of DNA |
| gene | a short segment of DNA |
| mutation | a change in DNA |
| chromatid | one of two halves of a chromosome |
| centromere | holds the two chromatids together |
| karyotype | a picture of someone's chromosomes |
| diploid | a cell with both of each pair of chromosomes |
| haploid | a cell with only one of each of a pair of chromosomes |
| gametes | sex cells |
| autosomes | chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes |
| somatic cells | body cells |
| Male sex chromosomes | XY |
| Female sex chromosomes | XX |
