| A | B |
|---|
| Abiotic | Non-living components of an environment. |
| Adaptation | Modification of an organism so that it adjusts to a new or altered environment. |
| Allowable Cut | The amount of trees which can be taken from the forest annually without significantly altering the balance. |
| Bark | The visible outer covering of a tree which protects the inside. |
| Biodiversity | Many different species living in balance with their environment. |
| Biotic | Living components of an environment. |
| Cambium | The growing part of the tree where cells form wood. |
| Canopy | The top branches and leaves of the trees in a forest. |
| Carbon Dioxide | A gas composed of carbon and oxygen, produced during respiration. |
| Carnivore | A meat eating organism. |
| Cellular Respiration | The chemical process of releasing energy from sugar and other organic molecules by combining it with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water as wastes. |
| Chlorophyll | Green substance in the leaves of plants that traps light energy used in photosynthesis. |
| Clearcutting | A method of harvesting trees where all standing trees are removed from a section of forest at one time. |
| Cones | Small, woody structure of coniferous trees which produce the seeds. |
| Conifer | A tree which bears cones and has needles or scale-like leaves. For example: pine, spruce, fir or cedars. |
| Consumer | An organism which feeds on other organisms in an ecosystem. |
| Crown | The top of a tree which forms the canopy. |
| Deciduous | Trees and plants which lose their leaves annually every autumn. |
| Decomposer | An organism which breaks down material and litter. |
| Direct Seeding | Putting seeds directly into the forest floor rather than planting seedlings. |
| Ecosystem | An area of living and non-living components which form an environment. |
| Evergreen Tree | A tree which does not lose its leaves. |
| Food Chain | A representation of "who eats who" in an ecosystem. |
| Food Web | Feeding relationships in an ecosystem, the transfer of energy throughout an ecosystem. |
| Forest | A group of trees. |
| Forest Floor | The area around the base of the trees, usually covered with leaves, moss and other plants. |
| Forest Management | The care and use of forests. Forest management works to protect the forests. |
| Forest Products | Products produced from trees. |
| Forestry | The practice of managing, conserving and creating forests. |
| Growth Ring | Rings which are present on a cross-section of a tree trunk which represent and determine the age of a tree. |
| Habitat | A preferred place where an animal or plant lives. |
| Hardwood | wood made by broad-leafed, deciduous trees(aspen, birch and poplar). |
| Harvesting | the removal of trees for a variety of uses. |
| Heartwood | The non-living wood making up most of a tree stem which gives the stem strength. |
| Herbivore | A plant eating organism. |
| Inner Bark | The inner layer which serves to take food from the leaves to parts of the tree. |
| Interdependence | The state of being dependent upon each other; interconnected. |
| Lichens | The organism resulting from the relationship between an alga and a fungus. |
| Log | The stem of the tree after it has been felled. |
| Logging | The cutting and transporting of trees to the mill to make products. |
| Omnivore | An organism which eats both plants and animals. |
| Park | Forested area used for recreation. |
| Phloem | The inner bark tissue that transports nutrients down to the roots and back up. |
| Photosynthesis | the process by which a tree produces its own food (sugar). |
| Producer | Any organism which uses energy fron the sun to produce its own food. |
| Pulp | The soft, moist, soupy mass of wood fibres which paper is made from. |
| Recreation | Activities which are done for leisure. |
| Reforestation | The building of a new forest by planting or reseeding. |
| Regeneration | The process of growing back what has been lost. Forests regenerate after a fire with growth of new seedlings. |
| Respiration | The process of exchanging gases with the environment. |
| Sap | The fluid part of a plant rich in sugar and starch which moves up and down the plant in the phloem tissue of the bark. |
| Sapling | A young tree. |
| Sapwood | The softer outer layer of the wood in the stem between the cambium and heartwood, responsible for the nutrient transportation. |
| Seedling | A very young tree. |
| Seedtree Method | Method of harvesting forests where a few scattered trees are left standing in order to seed new trees. |
| Selective Harvesting | A method of harvesting where certain trees are selected for cutting. Only these trees are taken. |
| Shrub | A low growing perennial plant. |
| Snags | A standing tree which has begun to decay or a tree which has been felled but has caught itself on the way down. |
| Stand | A group of trees in a given area. |
| Stomata | Little holes on the underside of leaves which allow gases to pass. |
| Strip-cutting | Method of harvesting forest in strip like sections, trees left standing are intended to reside. |
| Transpiration | The loss of water through the pores (stomata) in the leaves. |
| Tree | A perennial woody plant having a well-defined stem at least 3 m high. |
| Xylem | Microscopic tubes running the length of a plant's trunk that conduct water and minerals upward fron the roots. Xylem makes up the wood of the stem. |
