| A | B |
|---|
| noun | A word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. |
| common noun | A word that names an ordinary noun. |
| proper noun | A word that names a specific noun. |
| pronoun | A word that takes the place of a noun. |
| adjective | A word that modifies (describes) a noun or pronoun. |
| proper adjective | A word formed from a proper noun. |
| adverb | A word that modifies (describes) a verb, adjective, or adverb. |
| verb | A word that shows action or state of being. |
| helping verb | A word that helps the main verb. |
| linking verb | A word that links the subject to a noun, pronoun, or adjective in the predicate. |
| preposition | A word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word in the sentence. |
| conjunction | A word that joins words or groups of words. |
| article | The adjectives A, AN, THE. |
| interjection | An exclamatory word that expresses emotion. It stands alone - away from the rest of the sentence. |
| adjective | Answers the questions: What kind? Which one? How many? |
| adverb | Answers the questions: How? When? Where? To what degree or extent? |
| plot | the story line |
| setting | time and place in a story |
| characterization | personality trait of characters |
| theme | central message of a work |
| style | writers way of writing |
| point of view | perspective from which the story is told (1st, 2nd, 3rd person) |
| symbolism | uses something to represent something else |
| foreshadowing | giving clues to suggest events that have yet to occur |
| mood | feeling created (in the reader) by a work |
| irony | contrast between what is stated and what is meant |
| satire | writing that ridicules or criticizes individuals, ideas, social convention |
| simile | making comparisons between two subjects using like or as |
| metaphor | one thing is spoken of as if it were something else |
| personification | a non-human subject is given human traits |
| alliteration | repetition of first sound (Peter Piper picked) - repeated at least two times |
| allusion | a reference to a well-known person, place, event, or literary work to make the writing stronger |
| inference | a guess of what can be |
| stanza | groups of lines in a poem - paragraphs, stanzas |
| rhyme scheme | the regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem |
| imagery | descriptive or figurative language used to create word pictures for the reader |
| flashback | a section in a literary work that interrupts the chronological order of events to relate an event from an earlier time. (goes back in time) |
| protagonist | the good main character |
| antagonist | the bad main character |
| dynamic character | the character that changes (Scrooge) |
| static character | the character that does not change |
| setting | time and place |
| protagonist | main character with problem |
| antagonist | protagonist's problem |
| plot | events in a story |
| climax | point of greatest emotion in story |
| denouement | conclusion,resolution |
| rising action | complications |
| exposition | beginning of plot |
| irony | opposite happens of what is expected |
| pun | play on words |
| allusion | making reference to another work of art |
| flashback | interrupts chronological plot |
| tone | author's attitude |
| allusion | reference to a person, literary work, or work of art |
| dialogue | conversation of two |
| monologue | conversation |
| soliloquy | long speech by a character who is alone |
| dramatic irony | contradiction between what a character thinks and what the audience knows |
| symbol | an object that has extended meaning |
| theme | central message, purpose, or concern of a literary work |
| Personification | giving an inanimate object human-like characteristics |
| Simile | a comparison using "like" or "as" |
| connotation | the implied or suggested meaning of word or phrase apart from the explicit meaning |
| denotation | the literal meaning or dictionary definition of a word |
| figurative language | language enriched by word images and figures of speech |
| metaphor | a figure of speech that makes an implied comparison |
| mood | emotional state expressed in a literary work |
| onomatopoeia | a figure of speech in which the sound of a word reflects its sense or meaning |
| style | an author's distinctive manner of using language that suits his or her ideas and purpose in wriitng |
| symbol | a word or set of words that signifies an object or event which itself signifies something else |
| symbolism | the use of a concrete image to express an emotion or an abstract idea |
| theme | a main idea or central idea that may be stated directly or indirectly |
| assonance | the repetition of a vowel sound in words |
| consonance | the repetition of final consonant sounds |
| alliteration | the repetition of the beginning sounds of two or more neighboring words |
| hyperbole | a figure of speech in which subject exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect |
| synecdoche | A figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole, or vice versa; the specific for the general, or vice versa; or the material for the thing made from it |
| september | September |
| is not | isn't |
| do not | don't |
| is not | isn't |
| are not | aren't |
| did not | didn't |
| have not | haven't |
| will not | won't |
| should not | shouldn't |
| could not | couldn't |
| I will | I'll |
| we have | we've |
| you will | you'll |
| you are | you're |
| they have | they've |
| she will | she'll |
| we are | we're |
| you have | you've |
| let us | let's |
| he is | he's |
| I am | I'm |
| metaphors | "The stream's a snake." |
| simile | "She dances like a princess." |
| hyperbole | "My date last night was the most beautiful girl in the world." |
| personification | "The fog crept in on little cat feet." |
| allusion | "My boyfriend dances like King Kong." |
| synecdoche | "Have you got your wheels, man?" |
| paradox | "A little learning is a dangerous thing." |
| apostrophe | "Goodbye, cruel world." |
| metonymy | "The White House has responded to the criticism." |
| oxymoron | "Jumbo shrimp" |
| parallelism | "When I heard the Learn'd Astronomer,/ When the proofs, the figures were ranged before me." |
| simile | A comparison between two distinctly different things, using the word "like" or "as" |
| personification | A figure of speech where animals, ideas or objects are given human characteristics |
| fiction | A literary work whose content is produced by the imagination and is not necessarily based on fact |
| symbol | A person, place, thing, or an event that has meaning in itself and stands for something beyond itself as well; it can signify something else |
| irony | A term that suggests some sort of discrepancy between appearance and reality; says one thing and means another |
| biography | An account of a person’s life written or told by another person |
| metaphor | An imaginative comparison between two unlike things in which one thing is said to be another thing |
| hyperbole | An overstatement or exaggeration |
| dialogue | Conversation between characters in a drama or narrative |
| science fiction | Fiction that deals with the influence of real or imagined science on society or individuals; many of the events recounted are within the realm of future possibility |
| fantasy | Imaginative fiction featuring esp. strange settings and grotesque characters; things happen that can not happen in real life |
| flashback | Interruption in the present action of the plot to show events that happened at an earlier time |
| point of view | The angle or perspective from which a story is told |
| autobiography | The angle or perspective from which a story is told |
| antagonist | The character that contends with or opposes another character |
| plot | The events or main story in a literary work |
| theme | The general idea or insight about life that a work of literature reveals |
| foreshadowing | The introduction of clues early in a story to suggest or anticipate significant events that will develop later |
| resolution | The last part of the story when the characters’ problems are solved and the story ends |
| characters | The people or animals in a work of fiction or drama |
| narrator | The person who tells the story |
| climax | The point of highest dramatic tension or a major turning point in the action; the most emotional or suspenseful moment in story |
| protagonist | The main character in a literary work |
| alliteration | The repetition of a consonant sound at the beginning of words |
| conflict | The struggle between persons or forces in a work of drama or fiction |
| setting | The time and place in which the events of a work of literature take place |
| dialect | The way of speaking that is characteristic of a certain geographical area or a certain group of people |
| nonfiction | Writing that deals with real people, things, events, or places |
