| A | B |
|---|
| Diffusion of water | Osmosis |
| The process in which molecules of a substance move from an area of greater concentration to lesser concentration is called | Diffusion |
| Define permeable | Allows a substance to pass through. |
| Define semipermeable membrane | Allows some substances in and keeps others out. |
| Maintaining a biological balance | Homeostasis |
| A solution that is lower in concentration than the cell is said to be | Hypotonic |
| When a plant wilts is an example of | Plasmolysis |
| The process in which water molecules move from higher concentration to lower concentration is called | Osmosis |
| The difference in concentrations across a space | Concentration gradient |
| Water pressure inside a cell | Turgor pressure |
| When a solution is equal to the concentration of the cell the solution is __________ and the cell is ____________ | Isotonic |
| Loss of turgor pressure | Plasmolysis |
| A solution that has a higher concentration than the cell is said to be | Hypertonic |
| When cells take in so much water that they burst is called | Cytolysis |
| If the solute concentration in the environment is lower than in the cell water will move _________ cell while the solute (provided it is permeable) will move | Inside |
| When the concentration of the molecules of a substance become the same or equal concentrations across a space the molecules are in | Equilibrium |
| Define phospholipid | Membrane lipid consisting of a phosphate polar head attached to two fatty acid non-polar tails. |
| Define turgor pressure | Internal pressure of a cell due to water held there by osomotic pressure. |
| Define facillitated diffusion | Passive transport of materials, such as sugars and amino acids, across the plasma membrane by way of transport grouping transport proteins. |
| Define exocytosis | Active transport process by which materials are expelled or secreted from a cell. |
| What kind of particles cross the lipid bilayer easily? | Water, lipids and lipid solubile. |
| Define dynamic equilibrium | Condition of continuous movement but no overall change in concentration; movement of materials into and out of the cell at equal rates maintains its dynamic equilibrium with its environment. |
| Define active transport | Process requiring energy by which cells move materials against a concentration gradient. |
| Define endocytosis | Active transport (requires energy) process by which large particles enter a cell. |
| Define transport protein | Channel proteins and carrier proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane; move ions and molecules across the membrane. |
| Define diffusion | Net random movement of particles form an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, eventually resulting in even distribution. |
| Define contractile vacuole | Organelle of some protists such as paramecium that collects excess water from the cell, then contracts and expels the water through a plasma membrane pore. |
| Define isotonic solution | Solution in cells in which dissolved materials and water occur in the same concentration as inside the cell. |
| Define fluid mosaic model | Property of the plasma membrane wherein many similar molecules are free to move sideways within their lipid bilayer. |
| Define osmosis | Diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane depending on the concentration of solutes on either side of the membrane. |
| Define selective permeability | Property of a plasma membrane that maintains the cell's homeostasis by the taking in of needed substances, the elimination of wastes and the prevention of harmful substances from entering. |
| Define hypertonic solution | In cells, solution in which the concentraton of dissolved materials (solutes) is lower in the solution surrounding the cell than the concentration inside the cell, which will swell and possibly burst as water enters the cell by osmosis. |
| Define passive transport | Movement of particles across membranes by diffuison. The cell uses no energy to move particles. |
| Define plasmolysis | Process resulting from a drop in turgor pressure as a result of water loss in a cell, causing the plasma membrane to shrink away from the cell wall. |
| ____________transport does not require energy. | Passive |
| Phagocytosis is a type of ____________ | Endocytosis |
| Define hypotonic solution | In cells, solution in which the concentration of dissolved materials is lower in the solution surrounding the cell than concentration inside the cell. |
| What are the three types of passive transport? | 1) Diffusion 2) Osmosis 3) Facilitated diffusion |
| What are the two major types of transport? | Active and passive. |
| What is the function of cholesterol in the plasma membrane? | Cholesterol strengthens the fluid mosaic model making it more stable. |
| How do cells take in large molecules? | Endocytosis |
| What is the function(s) of membrane proteins? | Transport of molecules through the membrane. |
| During passive transport molecules move from an area of ________ concentration to an area of __________ concentration always. | High -------- Low |
| During active transport, molecules can move from an area of ___________ concentration to an area of __________ concentration. | Low ---------High |
| ___________ transport requires energy. | Active |
