| A | B |
| LAG PHASE | ACCELERATED REPRODUCTION BY THE POPULATION |
| GROWTH PHASE | ACCELERATES REPRODUCTION POPULATION. NATALITY EXCEEDS MORTALITY |
| STATIONARY PHASE | MARKS EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN NATALITY AND MORTALITY |
| DEATH PHASE | MARKS THE CONSTANT DECLINE IN THE POPULATION. MORTALITY EXCEEDS NATALITY |
| CARRING CAPACITY | REFERS TO THE MAXIMUM POPULATION THAT CAN BE SUSTAINED BY A GIVEN SUPPLY OF RESOURCES |
| ENVIORMENTAL RESISTANCE | ALL THE FACTORS THAT TEND TO REDUCE POPULATION NUMBERS |
| LAW OF THE MINIMUM | OF THE NUMBER OF ESSENTIAL SUBSTANCES REQUIRED FOR GROWTH, THE ONE WITH THE MINIMUM CONCENTRATION IS CONTROLLING FACTOR |
| SHELFORD'S LAW OF TOLERANCE | STATES THAT TOO LITTLE OR TOO MUCH OF AN ESSENTIAL FACTOR CAN BE HARMFUL |