| A | B |
|---|
| heredity | the passing on of characteristics from parents to off-spring |
| genetics | the study of heredity |
| traits | uninherited characteristics |
| gametes | sex cells |
| fertilization | the gametes unit |
| pollination | transfer of pollen to flower pistil in plants |
| hybrid | different forms of trait |
| mono | one |
| true-breeding | same from generation to generation |
| alleles | different gene forms for certain traits |
| mono-hybrid cross | usnig one trait with two alleles |
| dominant | a trait that shows up |
| recessive | a trait that may be hidden if a dominant allele is present |
| law of segregation | the pair of alleles separate when gametes are formed and each gamete receives just one allele |
| phenotype | the way an organism looks or behaives |
| genetype | the two genes of an organism for a trait |
| homozygous | two alleles for a trait are the SAME (TT or tt) |
| heterozygous | the two alleles are DIFFERENT (Tt) |
| punnette square | predicts the results from a cross; shows probabilities of the off-spring possibilities |
| Law of Independent Assortment | genes for different traits are inherited independently |
| dihybrid cross | using two different traits |
| phenotype ratio | what they will look like |
| sexual reproduction | requires the production of gametes (n) and their fusion (joining together); n+n=2n |
| meiosis | division that produces the haploid (n) gametes (from one 2n cell) |
| zygote | the diploid cell formed from fertilization (sperm and eggs) n+n=2n |
| How many divisions does meiosis have? | two divisions going through the same phases as mitosis (PMAT) |
| crossing over | genes are exchanged between homologous chromosomes (non-sister chromitids) |
