| A | B |
|---|
| multiple alleles | three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait |
| sex-linked gene | a gene that is carried on the X or Y chromosome |
| carrier | a person who has one recessive allele for a trait and one dominant allele, but does not have the trait |
| pedigree | a chart or "family tree" that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait |
| genetic disorder | an abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes |
| amniocentesis | a technique by which a small amount of the fluid that surrounds a developing baby is removed: the fluid is analyzed to determine whether the baby will have a genetic disorder |
| karotype | a picture of all the chromosomes in a cell arranged in pairs |
| selective breeding | the process of selection a few organisms with desired traits to serve as parents of the next generation |
| inbreeding | a selective breeding method in which two individuals with identical or similar sets of alleles are crossed |
| hybridization | a selective breeding method in which two genetically different individuals are crossed |
| clone | an organism that is genetically identical to the organsim from which it was produced |
| genetic engineering | the transfer of a gene from the DNA of one organism into another organism, in order to produce an organism with desired traits |
| gene therapy | the insertion of working copies of a gene into the cells of a person with a genetic disorder in an attempt to correct the disorder |
| genome | all of the DNA in one cell of an organism |
